Related papers: The method of forcing
The purpose of this paper is to show the magic of physics by showing the physics of magic. What usually makes magic tricks interesting is that something unexpected occurs. Similarly, demonstrations are interesting inasmuch as they produce…
In a recent article by Farah and the authors, a strong lifting theorem was proved for a class of coordinate-respecting maps between reduced products of discrete structures, hereby working under mild Forcing Axioms. We generalise this…
We introduce the forcing model of IZFA (Intuitionistic Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with Atoms) for every Grothendieck topology and prove that the topos of sheaves on every site is equivalent to the category of 'sets in this forcing model'.
Structural proof theory is praised for being a symbolic approach to reasoning and proofs, in which one can define schemas for reasoning steps and manipulate proofs as a mathematical structure. For this to be possible, proof systems must be…
Various theorems for the preservation of set-theoretic axioms under forcing are proved, regarding both forcing axioms and axioms true in the Levy-Collapse. These show in particular that certain applications of forcing axioms require to add…
We present a general framework for forcing on $\omega_2$ with finite conditions using countable models as side conditions. This framework is based on a method of comparing countable models as being membership related up to a large initial…
Existing approaches to learning to prove theorems focus on particular logics and datasets. In this work, we propose Monte-Carlo simulations guided by reinforcement learning that can work in an arbitrarily specified logic, without any human…
Although teacher forcing has become the main training paradigm for neural machine translation, it usually makes predictions only conditioned on past information, and hence lacks global planning for the future. To address this problem, we…
A central theme in set theory is to find universes with extreme, well-understood behaviour. The case we are interested in is assuming GCH and has a strong forcing axiom of higher order than usual. Instead of "for every suitable forcing…
The purpose of this paper is to outline a simple set of axioms for basic set theory from which most fundamental facts can be derived. The key to the whole project is a new axiom of set theory which I dubbed "The Law of Extremes". It allows…
We introduce the notion of nonuniform coercion, which is the promotion of a value of one type to an enriched value of a different type via a nonuniform procedure. Nonuniform coercions are a generalization of the (uniform) coercions known in…
Zero forcing is a graph propagation process for which vertices fill-in (or propagate information to) neighbor vertices if all neighbors except for one, are filled. The zero-forcing number is the smallest number of vertices that must be…
We prove the following theorem: For a partially ordered set Q such that every countable subset has a strict upper bound, there is a forcing notion satisfying ccc such that, in the forcing model, there is a basis of the null ideal of the…
Most of the assertions in the theory of well ordered sets are quite simple. However, one of its central statements, Zermelo's theorem, stands out of this rule, for its well-known proofs are rather complicated. The aim of the current paper…
Much mathematical writing exists that is, explicitly or implicitly, based on set theory, often Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory (ZF) or one of its variants. In ZF, the domain of discourse contains only sets, and hence every mathematical object…
We present three natural combinatorial properties for class forcing notions, which imply the forcing theorem to hold. We then show that all known sufficent conditions for the forcing theorem (except for the forcing theorem itself),…
These notes present a compact and self-contained approach to iterated forcing with a particular emphasis on semiproper forcing. We tried to make our presentation accessible to any scholar who has some familiarity with forcing and boolean…
We study L\"owenheim-Skolem and Omitting Types theorems in Transition Algebra, a logical system obtained by enhancing many sorted first-order logic with features from dynamic logic. The sentences we consider include compositions, unions,…
Solovay's arithmetical completeness theorem states that the modal logic of provability coincides with the modal logic $\mathbf{GL}$. Hamkins and L\"owe studied the modal logical aspects of set theoretic multiverse and proved that the modal…
The main goal of this work is to analyze the behaviour of the FA quantifier fuzzification mechanism. As we prove in the paper, this model has a very solid theorethical behaviour, superior to most of the models defined in the literature.…