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The scale of wireless technologies penetration in our daily lives, primarily triggered by the Internet-of-things (IoT)-based smart cities, is beaconing the possibilities of novel localization and tracking techniques. Recently, low-power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-03 Mahnoor Anjum , Muhammad Abdullah Khan , Syed Ali Hassan , Aamir Mahmood , Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi , Mikael Gidlund

Both physical and MAC-layer need to be jointly optimized to maximize the autonomy of IoT devices. Therefore, a cross-layer design is imperative to effectively realize Low Power Wide Area networks (LPWANs). In the present paper, a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-23 Gilles Callebaut , Geoffrey Ottoy , Liesbet Van der Perre

The system-level performance of multi-gateway downlink long-range (LoRa) networks is investigated in the present paper. Specifically, we first compute the active probability of a channel and the selection probability of an active end-device…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Lam-Thanh Tu , Abbas Bradai , Yannis Pousset

While 3GPP has been developing NB-IoT, the market of Low Power Wide Area Networks has been mastered by cheap and simple Sigfox and LoRa/LoRaWAN technologies. Being positioned as having an open standard, LoRaWAN has attracted also much…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Dmitry Bankov , Evgeny Khorov , Andrey Lyakhov

Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) has an open specification that defines the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for LoRa networks, mainly based on pure-Aloha with beacon option. The LoRaWAN has a star of star topology where…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Yifan Du

In this paper, the proposed methodology for conducting experiments on a small number of devices for evaluating systems with a large number of devices. A software package for assessing the performance of LPWAN (Long Range Wide Area Networks,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Maxim S. Ilderyakov , Nikita V. Stepanov

Future 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) applications will heavily rely on long-range communication technologies such as low-power wireless area networks (LPWANs). In particular, LoRaWAN built on LoRa physical layer is gathering increasing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Nancy El Rachkidy , Alexandre Guitton , Megumi Kaneko

The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed many industries, and LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network), built on LoRa (Long Range) technology, has become a crucial solution for enabling scalable, low-cost, and energy-efficient…

Packet fragmentation has mostly been addressed in the literature when referring to splitting data that does not fit a frame. It has received attention in the IoT community after the 6LoWPAN working group of IETF started studying the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Ioana Suciu , Xavier Vilajosana , Ferran Adelantado

LoRaWAN is a promising IoT access technology that is growing in popularity. This study addresses the issue of duplicate packets forwarding by LoRaWAN gateways and proposes a novel forwarding scheme to eliminate forwarding duplicate packets…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Louai Al-Awami

LoRaWAN is one of the leading Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) architectures. It was originally designed for systems consisting of static sensor or Internet of Things (IoT) devices and static gateways. It was recently updated to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Po-Yu Chen , Laksh Bhatia , Roman Kolcun , David Boyle , Julie A. McCann

Network planning is a fundamental task in wireless communications, primarily focused on guaranteeing adequate coverage for every network device. In this context, the quality of any planning effort strongly depends on the channel model…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Cláudio Modesto , Lucas Mozart , Glauco Gonçalves , Cleverson Nahum , Bruno Castro , Aldebaro Klautau

Indoor long range wide area network (LoRaWAN) propagation is shaped by structural and time-varying environmental factors, which limit single-slope log-distance models and the standard log-normal shadowing assumption. We propose an…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Nahshon Mokua Obiri , Kristof Van Laerhoven

LoRaWAN is a leading standard and technology for low-power, long-range Internet-of-Things (IoT) communications. However, its single-hop architecture results in limited effective range and excessive power consumption for end devices,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ram Ramanathan , Dmitrii Dugaev , Liang Tan , Warren Ramanathan

LoRa is a modulation technology for low power wide area networks (LPWAN) with enormous potential in 5G era. However, the performance of LoRa system deteriorates seriously in fading-channel environments. To tackle this problem, in this paper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-30 Huan Ma , Guofa Cai , Yi Fang , Pingping Chen , Guojun Han

Despite being a relatively new communication technology, Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) have shown their suitability to empower a major part of Internet of Things applications. Nonetheless, most LPWAN solutions are built on star…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Sergio Barrachina-Muñoz , Boris Bellalta

The use of fingerprinting localization techniques in outdoor IoT settings has started to gain popularity over the recent years. Communication signals of Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN), such as LoRaWAN, are used to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Grigorios G. Anagnostopoulos , Alexandros Kalousis

Long range, low power networks are rapidly gaining acceptance in the Internet of Things (IoT) due to their ability to economically support long-range sensing and control applications while providing multi-year battery life. LoRa is a key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Emekcan Aras , Nicolas Small , Gowri Sankar Ramachandran , Stéphane Delbruel , Wouter Joosen , Danny Hughes

In this paper, we deliver a discussion regarding the role of Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) in the cellular Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure to support massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) in next-generation wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Arliones Hoeller , Jean Sant'Ana , Juho Markkula , Konstantin Mikhaylov , Richard Souza , Hirley Alves

This paper presents an analytical framework for evaluating the coverage performance of the fluid antenna system (FAS)-enhanced LoRa wide-area networks (LoRaWANs). We investigate the effects of large-scale pathloss in LoRaWAN, small-scale…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Gaoze Mu , Yanzhao Hou , Mingjie Chen , Yuanyu Hu , Yongan Zheng , Qimei Cui , Xiaofeng Tao