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We present a new approach to assessing the robustness of neural networks based on estimating the proportion of inputs for which a property is violated. Specifically, we estimate the probability of the event that the property is violated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-25 Stefan Webb , Tom Rainforth , Yee Whye Teh , M. Pawan Kumar

Biometric systems based on brain activity have been proposed as an alternative to passwords or to complement current authentication techniques. By leveraging the unique brainwave patterns of individuals, these systems offer the possibility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Avinash Kumar Chaurasia , Matin Fallahi , Thorsten Strufe , Philipp Terhörst , Patricia Arias Cabarcos

Model fingerprinting has emerged as a promising paradigm for claiming model ownership. However, robustness evaluations of these schemes have mostly focused on benign perturbations such as incremental fine-tuning, model merging, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Anshul Nasery , Edoardo Contente , Alkin Kaz , Pramod Viswanath , Sewoong Oh

Browser fingerprinting is an invasive and opaque stateless tracking technique. Browser vendors, academics, and standards bodies have long struggled to provide meaningful protections against browser fingerprinting that are both accurate and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Umar Iqbal , Steven Englehardt , Zubair Shafiq

In the context of cluster analysis and graph partitioning, many external evaluation measures have been proposed in the literature to compare two partitions of the same set. This makes the task of selecting the most appropriate measure for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Nejat Arinik , Vincent Labatut , Rosa Figueiredo

Gesture and signature passwords are two-dimensional figures created by drawing on the surface of a touchscreen with one or more fingers. Prior results about their security have used resilience to either shoulder surfing, a human observation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Can Liu , Shridatt Sugrim , Gradeigh D. Clark , Janne Lindqvist

Benefiting from the rapid development of deep learning, 2D and 3D computer vision applications are deployed in many safe-critical systems, such as autopilot and identity authentication. However, deep learning models are not trustworthy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yanjie Li , Bin Xie , Songtao Guo , Yuanyuan Yang , Bin Xiao

In a spoofing attack, an attacker impersonates a legitimate user to access or modify data belonging to the latter. Typical approaches for spoofing detection in the physical layer declare an attack when a change is observed in certain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-18 Daniel Romero , Tien Ngoc Ha , Peter Gerstoft

Deauthentication is an important component of any authentication system. The widespread use of computing devices in daily life has underscored the need for zero-effort deauthentication schemes. However, the quest for eliminating user effort…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-16 O. Huhta , P. Shrestha , S. Udar , M. Juuti , N. Saxena , N. Asokan

Graph-structured datasets are increasingly central to sensitive applications spanning social networks, biomedical research, and cryptographic systems. As organizations share these datasets with trusted parties for collaborative analysis,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Alexander Nemecek , Emre Yilmaz , Erman Ayday

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to guess if an input sample was used to train the model. In this paper, we show that prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Liwei Song , Prateek Mittal

Event cameras, known for their low latency and high dynamic range, show great potential in pedestrian detection applications. However, while recent research has primarily focused on improving detection accuracy, the robustness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Guixu Lin , Muyao Niu , Qingtian Zhu , Zhengwei Yin , Zhuoxiao Li , Shengfeng He , Yinqiang Zheng

Biometric research is directed increasingly towards Wearable Biometric Systems (WBS) for user authentication and identification. However, prior to engaging in WBS research, how their operational dynamics and design considerations differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Aditya Sundararajan , Arif I. Sarwat , Alexander Pons

Although it is common for users to select bad passwords that can be easily cracked by attackers, password-based authentication remains the most widely-used method. To encourage users to select good passwords, enterprises often enforce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-12-21 Cem S. Sahin , Robert Lychev , Neal Wagner

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks exploit patterns in encrypted traffic to infer the websites visited by users, posing a serious threat to anonymous communication systems. Although recent WF techniques achieve over 90% accuracy in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xinhao Deng , Jingyou Chen , Linxiao Yu , Yixiang Zhang , Zhongyi Gu , Changhao Qiu , Xiyuan Zhao , Ke Xu , Qi Li

The random surfer model is a frequently used model for simulating user navigation behavior on the Web. Various algorithms, such as PageRank, are based on the assumption that the model represents a good approximation of users browsing a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-08-05 Florian Geigl , Daniel Lamprecht , Rainer Hofmann-Wellenhof , Simon Walk , Markus Strohmaier , Denis Helic

Smartphones store a significant amount of personal and private information, and are playing an increasingly important role in people's lives. It is important for authentication techniques to be more resistant against two known attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Matthew Lakier , Dimcho Karakashev , Yixin Wang , Ian Goldberg

Sharing or publishing social network data while accounting for privacy of individuals is a difficult task due to the interconnectedness of nodes in networks. A key question in k-anonymity, a widely studied notion of privacy, is how to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Rachel G. de Jong , Mark P. J. van der Loo , Frank W. Takes

Morphing attacks have posed a severe threat to Face Recognition System (FRS). Despite the number of advancements reported in recent works, we note serious open issues such as independent benchmarking, generalizability challenges and…

Characterizing attacker behavior with respect to Cyber-Physical Systems is important to assuring the security posture and resilience of these systems. Classical cyber vulnerability assessment approaches rely on the knowledge and experience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Christopher Deloglos , Carl Elks , Ashraf Tantawy