Related papers: Causality and loop-tree duality at higher loops
We derive a variant of the loop-tree duality for Feynman integrals in the Schwinger parametric representation. This is achieved by decomposing the integration domain into a disjoint union of cells, one for each spanning tree of the graph…
We provide a unified operational framework for the study of causality, non-locality and contextuality, in a fully device-independent and theory-independent setting. We define causaltopes, our chosen portmanteau of "causal polytopes", for…
A learning algorithm is presented which given the structure of a causal tree, will estimate its link probabilities by sequential measurements on the leaves only. Internal nodes of the tree represent conceptual (hidden) variables…
Causality is one of the most fundamental notions in physics. Generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) and the process matrix framework incorporate it in different forms. However, a direct connection between these frameworks remains…
Causal discovery aims to recover ``what causes what'', but classical constraint-based methods (e.g., PC, FCI) suffer from error propagation, and recent LLM-based causal oracles often behave as opaque, confidence-free black boxes. This paper…
Causal forest methods are powerful tools in causal inference. Similar to traditional random forest in machine learning, causal forest independently considers each causal tree. However, this independence consideration increases the…
Causal set theory is an approach to quantum gravity in which spacetime is fundamentally discrete at the Planck scale and takes the form of a Lorentzian lattice, or "causal set", from which continuum spacetime emerges in a large-scale…
By carefully analyzing the relations between operator methods and the discretized and continuum path integral formulations of quantum-mechanical systems, we have found the correct Feynman rules for one-dimensional path integrals in curved…
This paper focuses on the computational complexity of computing empirical plug-in estimates for causal effect queries. Given a causal graph and observational data, any identifiable causal query can be estimated from an expression over the…
Cayley's formula states that the number of labelled trees on $n$ vertices is $n^{n-2}$, and many of the current proofs involve complex structures or rigorous computation. We present a bijective proof of the formula by providing an…
We consider loop ensembles on random trees. The loops are induced by a Poisson process of links sampled on the underlying tree interpreted as a metric graph. We allow two types of links, crosses and double bars. The crosses-only case…
In this talk, we review the basis of the loop-tree duality theorem, which allows to rewrite loop scattering amplitudes in terms of tree-level like objects. Since the loop measure is converted into a phase-space one, both virtual and real…
Yangian-type differential operators are shown to constrain Feynman integrals beyond the restriction to integrable graphs. In particular, we prove that all position-space Feynman diagrams at tree level feature a Yangian level-one momentum…
Following an argument advanced by Feynman, we consider a method for obtaining the effective action which generates the sum of tree diagrams with external physical particles. This technique is applied, in the unbroken \lambda \phi^4 theory,…
We extend useful properties of the $H\to\gamma\gamma$ unintegrated dual amplitudes from one- to two-loop level, using the Loop-Tree Duality formalism. In particular, we show that the universality of the functional form -- regardless of the…
A general procedure for the calculation of a class of two-loop Feynman diagrams is described. These are two-point functions containing three massive propagators, raised to integer powers, in the denominator, and arbitrary polynomials of the…
We study the question of whether a composite structure of elementary particles, with a length scale $1/\Lambda$, can leave observable effects of non-locality and causality violation at higher energies (but $\lesssim \Lambda$). We formulate…
The expression of causality depends on an underlying choice of chronology. Since a chronology is provided by any Lorentzian metric in relativistic theories, there are as many expressions of causality as there are non-conformally related…
We introduce a novel construction of a contour deformation within the framework of Loop-Tree Duality for the numerical computation of loop integrals featuring threshold singularities in momentum space. The functional form of our contour…
Can the S-matrix be complexified in a way consistent with causality? Since the 1960's, the affirmative answer to this question has been well-understood for $2 \to 2$ scattering of the lightest particle in theories with a mass gap at low…