Related papers: Electromagnetism as Quantum Physics
Textbooks play a fundamental role in teaching and learning in school science classrooms. In this paper we investigate the presentation of the nature of the electromagnetic field in a dozen of the world's most popular introductory university…
We consider a complex covariant form of the macroscopic Maxwell equations, in a moving medium or at rest, following the original ideas of Minkowski. A compact, Lorentz invariant, derivation of the energy-momentum tensor and the…
The notion that the electromagnetic field is quantised is usually inferred from observations such as the photoelectric effect and the black-body spectrum. However accounts of the quantisation of this field are usually mathematically…
We combine Maxwell's equations with Eulers's equation, related to a velocity field of an immaterial fluid, where the density of mass is replaced by a charge density. We come out with a differential system able to describe a relevant…
The Maxwell equations in the presence of sources are first derived without making use of the potentials and the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for classical electrodynamics is written down. The manifestly gauge invariant theory is then quantized…
Schroedinger (Nature, v.169, p.538 (1952)) demonstrated that, contrary to the widespread belief, charged particles may be described by real fields. Therefore the sets of solutions with real-valued charged fields are considered in the…
Instead of a linear system of equations for a free electromagnetic field, we propose a nonlinear system of equations. The classical electrodynamics is preseved. The appeared solutions (the electromagnetic fields) having photon properties.…
The formalism of quantum mechanics is presented in a way that its interpretation as a classical field theory is emphasized. Two coupled real fields are defined with given equations of motion. Densities and currents associated to the fields…
Invoking Maxwell's classical equations in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of the EM angular momentum. The energy and the…
Historically Gordon decomposition of Dirac current played an important role in the interpretation of Dirac equation. We revisit it to understand the correspondence between Maxwell-Dirac and Maxwell-Lorentz theories. Arguments are presented…
In accordance with an old suggestion of Asher Peres (1962), we consider the electromagnetic field as fundamental and the metric as a subsidiary field. In following up this thought, we formulate Maxwell's theory in a diffeomorphism invariant…
We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…
We give a detailed description of electrodynamics as an emergent theory from condensed-matter-like structures, not only {\it per se} but also as a warm-up for the study of the much more complex case of gravity. We will concentrate on two…
A common learning goal for modern physics instructors is for students to recognize a difference between the experimental uncertainty of classical physics and the fundamental uncertainty of quantum mechanics. Our studies suggest this…
Dirac's quantization of the Maxwell theory on non-commutative spaces has been considered. First class constraints were found which are the same as in classical electrodynamics. The gauge covariant quantization of the non-linear equations of…
It is argued that by the end of the 1920s a quantum-mechanical model could have been in place, that not only produces the atomic and molecular energy levels of the many-body Pauli equation with Coulomb interactions and external classical…
We discuss the theory of electromagnetic fields, with an emphasis on aspects relevant to radiofrequency systems in particle accelerators. We begin by reviewing Maxwell's equations and their physical significance. We show that in free space,…
Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…
In this and companion papers, we show that quantum field theories with gauge symmetries permit a broader class of classical dynamics than typically assumed. In this article, we show that the quantization of electromagnetism permits the…
We compute the electromagnetic field created by an ultrarelativistic charged particle in vacuum at distances comparable to the particle Compton wavelength. The wave function of the particle is governed by the Klein-Gordon equation, for a…