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Let $ F $ be a finite field and consider $ UT_n $ the algebra of $ n\times n $ upper triangular matrices over $ F $. In [1], it was proved that every $ G $-grading is elementary. In [2], the authors classified all nonisomorphic elementary $…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-10 Ronald Ismael Quispe Urure , Tatiana Aparecida Gouveia

Based on work presented in [4], we define $S^2$-Upper Triangular Matrices and $S^2$-Lower Triangular Matrices, two special types of $d\times d(2d-1)$ matrices generalizing Upper and Lower Triangular Matrices, respectively. Then, we show…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Steven R. Lippold

Let $F$ be an infinite field, and let $M_{n}(F)$ be the algebra of $n\times n$ matrices over $F$. Suppose that this algebra is equipped with an elementary grading whose neutral component coincides with the main diagonal. In this paper, we…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Luís Felipe Gonçalves Fonseca , Thiago Castilho de Mello

We introduce a unified method for study of 2-dimensional invariant subspaces of matrices and their corresponding super-eigenvalues. As a novel application to non-commutative algebra, we present a connection between the eigenvalues of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Omar Al-Raisi , Mohammad Shahryari

We present and study two families of polynomials with coefficients in the center of the universal enveloping algebra. These polynomials are analogues of a determinant and a characteristic polynomial of a certain non-commutative matrix,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Natasha Rozhkovskaya

Let $W$ be a $G$-graded algebra over a field of characteristic zero, where $G$ is a finite group. We develope a theory of generalized $G$-graded polynomial identities satisfied by any finite-dimensional $W$-algebra $A$, by mean of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Giovanni Busalacchi , Fabrizio Martino , Carla Rizzo

We associate to every central simple algebra with involution of orthogonal type in characteristic two a totally singular quadratic form which reflects certain anisotropy properties of the involution. It is shown that this quadratic form can…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-01-10 A. -H. Nokhodkar

In the paper a construction of central elements in $U(\mathfrak{o}_N)$ and $U(\mathfrak{g}_2)$ based on invariant theory is given. New function of matrix elements that appear in description of the center of $U(\mathfrak{g}_2)$ are defined.

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 D. V. Artamonov , V. A. Golubeva

In this paper we give a classification of classes of involutions on an automorphism group of an octonion algebra over fields of characteristic 2, and describe the classes of their fixed point groups.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-30 John Hutchens , Nathaniel Schwartz

Many important special numbers appear in the expansions of some polynomials in terms of central factorials and vice versa, for example central factorial numbers, degenerate central factorial numbers, and central Lah numbers which are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-24 Dae san Kim , Taekyun Kim

We characterize characteristic polynomials of elements in a central simple algebra. We also give an account for the theory of rational canonical forms for separable linear transformations over a central division algebra, and a description…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-04-24 Chia-Fu Yu

Let $F$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic different from $2$. We show that the images of multilinear $*$-polynomials on $UT_2$ are homogeneous vector spaces. An analogous result holds for $UT_3$ endowed with non-trivial…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Pedro Fagundes

We obtain some criteria for a symmetric square-central element of a totally decomposable algebra with orthogonal involution in characteristic two, to be contained in an invariant quaternion subalgebra.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-01-10 Amir Hossein Nokhodkar

For polynomials of degree two over finite fields, we present an improvement of Fitzgerald's characterization (Finite Fields Appl. 9(1):117-121, 2003). We then use this new characterization to obtain an explicit, complete, and simple…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-09-27 Gerardo Vega

In this work, we completely characterize (i) permutation binomials of the form $x^{{{2^n -1}\over {2^t-1}}+1}+ ax \in \mathbb{F}_{2^n}[x], n = 2^st, a \in \mathbb{F}_{2^{2t}}^{*}$, and (ii) permutation trinomials of the form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-12 Srimanta Bhattacharya , Sumanta Sarkar

We consider cubic polynomials f(z)=z^3+az+b defined over the function field C(L), with a marked point of period N and multiplier L. In the case N=1, there are infinitely many such objects, and in the case N>2, only finitely many. The case…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Patrick Ingram

A minimal homogeneous generating system of the algebra of semi-invariants of tuples of two-by-two matrices over an infinite field of characteristic two or over the ring of integers is given. In an alternative interpretation this yields a…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2020-01-01 M. Domokos

We investigate a family of permutation polynomials of finite fields of characteristic 2. Through a connection between permutation polynomials and quadratic forms, a general treatment is presented to characterize these permutation…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Ruikai Chen

Formanek made the conjecture that the minimal degree of the central polynomials for the $n\times n$ matrix algebra over a field of characteristic 0 is $(n^2+3n-2)/2$ and this is true for $n\leq 3$. For $n=4$ there are examples of central…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Vesselin Drensky , Boyan Kostadinov

The structural constants of an evolution algebra is given by a quadratic matrix $A$. In this work we establish equivalence between nil, right nilpotent evolution algebras and evolution algebras, which are defined by upper triangular matrix…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2010-04-08 J. M. Casas , M. Ladra , B. A. Omirov , U. A. Rozikov