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Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown impressive results in a variety of domains, learning directly from high-dimensional sensory streams. However, when neural networks are trained in a fixed environment, such as a single level in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Niels Justesen , Ruben Rodriguez Torrado , Philip Bontrager , Ahmed Khalifa , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated complex decision-making capabilities in simulation environments such as Arcade Learning Environment, MuJoCo, and ViZDoom. However, they are hardly extensible to more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Xi Chen , Tianyu Shi , Qingpeng Zhao , Yuchen Sun , Yunfei Gao , Xiangjun Wang

Deep reinforcement learning agents have achieved state-of-the-art results by directly maximising cumulative reward. However, environments contain a much wider variety of possible training signals. In this paper, we introduce an agent that…

The Animal-AI Environment is a unique game-based research platform designed to facilitate collaboration between the artificial intelligence and comparative cognition research communities. In this paper, we present the latest version of the…

In this work we create agents that can perform well beyond a single, individual task, that exhibit much wider generalisation of behaviour to a massive, rich space of challenges. We define a universe of tasks within an environment domain and…

Reinforcement learning (RL) studies how an agent comes to achieve reward in an environment through interactions over time. Recent advances in machine RL have surpassed human expertise at the world's oldest board games and many classic video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Pedro A. Tsividis , Joao Loula , Jake Burga , Nathan Foss , Andres Campero , Thomas Pouncy , Samuel J. Gershman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

The complexity of computer games is ever increasing. In this setup, guiding an automated test algorithm to find a solution to solve a testing task in a game's huge interaction space is very challenging. Having a model of a system to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Samira Shirzadehhajimahmood , I. S. W. B. Prasetya , Frank Dignum , Mehdi Dastani

Agents based on large language models leverage tools to modify environments, revolutionizing how AI interacts with the physical world. Unlike traditional NLP tasks that rely solely on historical dialogue for responses, these agents must…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning is prone to overfitting, and traditional benchmarks such as Atari 2600 benchmark can exacerbate this problem. The Obstacle Tower Challenge addresses this by using randomized environments and separate seeds for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Joe Booth

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents achieve impressive results in a wide variety of tasks, but they lack zero-shot adaptation capabilities. While most robustness evaluations focus on tasks complexifications, for which human also…

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

Being able to explore an environment and understand the location and type of all objects therein is important for indoor robotic platforms that must interact closely with humans. However, it is difficult to evaluate progress in this area…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-14 David Hall , Ben Talbot , Suman Raj Bista , Haoyang Zhang , Rohan Smith , Feras Dayoub , Niko Sünderhauf

The ability to create artificial intelligence (AI) capable of performing complex tasks is rapidly outpacing our ability to ensure the safe and assured operation of AI-enabled systems. Fortunately, a landscape of AI safety research is…

Agents should avoid unsafe behaviour during both training and deployment. This typically requires a simulator and a procedural specification of unsafe behaviour. Unfortunately, a simulator is not always available, and procedurally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Matthew Rahtz , Vikrant Varma , Ramana Kumar , Zachary Kenton , Shane Legg , Jan Leike

Many challenges remain before AI agents can be deployed in real-world environments. However, one virtue of such environments is that they are inherently multi-agent and contain human experts. Using advanced social intelligence in such an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Eric Ye , Ren Tao , Natasha Jaques

We provide $89$ challenging simulation environments that range in difficulty. The difficulty of solving a task is linked not only to the number of dimensions in the action space but also to the size and shape of the distribution of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Glen Berseth , Xue Bin Peng , Michiel van de Panne

Generative AI is being leveraged to solve a variety of computer-use tasks involving desktop applications. State-of-the-art systems have focused solely on improving accuracy on leading benchmarks. However, these systems are practically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Reyna Abhyankar , Qi Qi , Yiying Zhang

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long-horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier…

Agent decision making using Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on either a model or simulator of the environment (e.g., moving in an 8x8 maze with three rooms, playing Chess on an 8x8 board). Due to this dependence, small changes in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Wenjun Li , Pradeep Varakantham , Dexun Li

We are increasingly surrounded by artificially intelligent technology that takes decisions and executes actions on our behalf. This creates a pressing need for general means to communicate with, instruct and guide artificial agents, with…