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We introduce deterministic suffix-reading automata (DSA), a new automaton model over finite words. Transitions in a DSA are labeled with words. From a state, a DSA triggers an outgoing transition on seeing a word ending with the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 R Keerthan , B Srivathsan , R Venkatesh , Sagar Verma

A word w is called synchronizing (recurrent, reset, directed) word of a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) if w sends all states of the automaton on a unique state. Jan Cerny had found in 1964 a sequence of n-state complete DFA with…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-09-11 A. N. Trahtman

There have been multiple attempts to resolve various inflection matching problems in information retrieval. Stemming is a common approach to this end. Among many techniques for stemming, statistical stemming has been shown to be effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Javid Dadashkarimi , Hossein Nasr Esfahani , Heshaam Faili , Azadeh Shakery

Grammatical inference consists in learning a formal grammar (as a set of rewrite rules or a finite state machine). We are concerned with learning Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA) of a given size from samples of positive and negative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy

The infimal prefix-closed, controllable and observable superlanguage plays an essential role in the relationship between controllability, observability and co-observability -- the central notions of supervisory control theory. Existing…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Tomáš Masopust

We give algorithms to accelerate the computation of deterministic finite automata (DFA) by calculating the state of a DFA n positions ahead utilizing a reverse scan of the next n characters. Often this requires scanning fewer than n…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-16 Steven M. Kearns

We study the task, for a given language $L$, of enumerating the (generally infinite) sequence of its words, without repetitions, while bounding the delay between two consecutive words. To allow for delay bounds that do not depend on the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Antoine Amarilli , Mikaël Monet

A word $w$ of letters on edges of underlying graph $\Gamma$ of deterministic finite automaton (DFA) is called synchronizing if $w$ sends all states of the automaton to a unique state. J. \v{C}erny discovered in 1964 a sequence of $n$-state…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-12 A. N. Trahtman

The Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) is a string transformation that enhances string indexing and compressibility. Cotumaccio and Prezza [SODA '21] extended this transformation to nondeterministic finite automata (NFAs) through…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ruben Becker , Nicola Cotumaccio , Sung-Hwan Kim , Nicola Prezza , Carlo Tosoni

The work presents some new algorithms realized recently in the package TESTAS. They decide whether or not deterministic finite automaton (DFA) is synchronizing, several procedures find relatively short synchronizing words and a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Avraham N. Trahtman

Matching statistics were introduced to solve the approximate string matching problem, which is a recurrent subroutine in bioinformatics applications. In 2010, Ohlebusch et al. [SPIRE 2010] proposed a time and space efficient algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Alessio Conte , Nicola Cotumaccio , Travis Gagie , Giovanni Manzini , Nicola Prezza , Marinella Sciortino

We investigate the magic number problem, that is, the question whether there exists a minimal n-state nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) whose equivalent minimal deterministic finite automaton (DFA) has alpha states, for all n and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-11 Markus Holzer , Sebastian Jakobi , Martin Kutrib

The article defines and studies the genus of finite state deterministic automata (FSA) and regular languages. Indeed, a FSA can be seen as a graph for which the notion of genus arises. At the same time, a FSA has a semantics via its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Guillaume Bonfante , Florian Deloup

Grammatical inference consists in learning a language or a grammar from data. In this paper, we consider a number of models for inferring a non-deterministic finite automaton (NFA) with 3 sorts of states, that must accept some words, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Tomasz Jastrząb , Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy

Speculative data-parallel algorithms for language recognition have been widely experimented for various types of finite-state automata (FA), deterministic (DFA) and nondeterministic (NFA), often derived from regular expressions (RE). Such…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Angelo Borsotti , Luca Breveglieri , Stefano Crespi Reghizzi , Angelo Morzenti

We study the fundamental question of how efficiently suffix array entries can be accessed when the array cannot be stored explicitly. The suffix array $SA_T[1..n]$ of a text $T$ of length $n$ encodes the lexicographic order of its suffixes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

A prefix normal word is a binary word with the property that no substring has more 1s than the prefix of the same length. This class of words is important in the context of binary jumbled pattern matching. In this paper we present an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-23 Péter Burcsi , Gabriele Fici , Zsuzsanna Lipták , Frank Ruskey , Joe Sawada

In this paper we examine decision problems associated with various classes of convex languages, studied by Ang and Brzozowski (under the name "continuous languages"). We show that we can decide whether a given language L is prefix-,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-04-14 Janusz Brzozowski , Jeffrey Shallit , Zhi Xu

Indexed languages are a classical notion in formal language theory, which has attracted attention in recent decades due to its role in higher-order model checking: They are precisely the languages accepted by order-2 pushdown automata. The…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Richard Mandel , Corto Mascle , Georg Zetzsche

The compact directed acyclic word graph (CDAWG) is the minimal compact automaton that recognizes all the suffixes of a string. Classically the CDAWG has been implemented as an index of the string it recognizes, requiring $o(n)$ space for a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Alan M. Cleary , Joseph Winjum , Jordan Dood , Shunsuke Inenaga