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The new variant of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), called asynchronous MDI-QKD or mode-pairing MDI-QKD, offers similar repeater-like rate-loss scaling but has the advantage of simple technology…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Yuan-Mei Xie , Jun-Lin Bai , Yu-Shuo Lu , Chen-Xun Weng , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers a way for establishing information-theoretically secure communications. An important part of QKD technology is a high-quality random number generator (RNG) for quantum states preparation and for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 A. S. Trushechkin , P. A. Tregubov , E. O. Kiktenko , Y. V. Kurochkin , A. K. Fedorov

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) stands as a revolutionary approach to secure communication, using the principles of quantum mechanics to establish unbreakable channels. Unlike traditional cryptography, which relies on the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Alec L. Riso , Karthik Thyagarajan , Connor Whiting , Katherine Jimenez

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HDQKD) is a promising avenue to address the inherent limitations of basic QKD protocols. However, experimental realizations of HDQKD to date have relied on indeterministic photon sources that limit…

We present a detailed security analysis of a d-dimensional quantum key distribution protocol based on two and three mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) both in an asymptotic and finite key length scenario. The finite secret key rates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-21 Kamil Bradler , Mohammad Mirhosseini , Robert Fickler , Anne Broadbent , Robert Boyd

Thanks to the single-photon interference at a third untrusted party, the twin-field quantun key distribution (TF-QKD) protocol and its variants can beat the well-known rate-loss bound without quantum repeaters, and related experiments have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-06 Chun-Mei Zhang , Yi-Wei Xu , Rong Wang , Qin Wang

Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) can overcome fundamental secret-key-rate bounds on point-to-point QKD links, allowing us to reach longer distances than ever before. Since its introduction, several TF-QKD variants have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Lewis Wooltorton , Mohsen Razavi

Since the invention of Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol, many quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols have been proposed and some protocols are operated even in field environments. One of the striking features of QKD is that QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-18 Hiroki Takesue , Toshihiko Sasaki , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masato Koashi

The best qubit one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol can tolerate up to 14.1% in the error rate. It has been shown how this rate can be increased by using larger quantum systems. The polarization state of a biphoton can encode a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 I. Bregman , D. Aharonov , M. Ben-Or , H. S. Eisenberg

Implementation of a twin-field quantum key distribution network faces limitations, including the low tolerance of interference errors for phase-matching type protocols and the strict constraint regarding intensity and probability for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Yuan-Mei Xie , Chen-Xun Weng , Yu-Shuo Lu , Yao Fu , Yang Wang , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

A new scheme of quantum key distribution (QKD) using frequency and time coding is proposed, in which the security is based on the frequency-time uncertainty relation. In this scheme, the binary information sequence is encoded randomly on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Chang-hua Zhu , Chang-xing Pei , Dong-xiao Quan , Nan Chen , Yun-hui Yi

The quantum dense coding (DC) protocol, which has no security feature, deals with the transmission of classical information encoded in a quantum state by using shared entanglement between a single sender and a single receiver. Its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Ayan Patra , Rivu Gupta , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

Several vulnerabilities of single photon detectors have recently been exploited to compromise the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. In this letter we report the first proof-of-principle implementation of a new quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-03 Allison Rubenok , Joshua A. Slater , Philip Chan , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Wolfgang Tittel

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has convincingly been proven compatible with real life applications. Its wide-scale deployment in optical networks will benefit from an optical platform that allows miniature devices capable of encoding the…

We present a result of side-channel-secure (SCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) under fully realistic conditions. Our result is not only measurement-device independent but also effective with imperfect (and unstable) source devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Practical implementations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) extending beyond urban areas commonly use satellite links. However, the transmission of quantum states through the Earth's atmosphere is highly susceptible to noise, restricting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Florian Kanitschar , Marcus Huber

To improve the performance of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system, high speed, low dark count single photon detectors (or low noise homodyne detectors) are required. However, in practice, a fast detector is usually noisy. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bing Qi , Yi Zhao , Xiongfeng Ma , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides means for unconditional secure key transmission between two distant parties. However, in practical implementations, it suffers from quantum hacking due to device imperfections. Here we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 Shi-Hai Sun , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Xiang-Chun Ma , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

We propose a fully passive twin-field quantum key distribution (QKD) setup where basis choice, decoy-state preparation and encoding are all implemented entirely by post-processing without any active modulation. Our protocol can remove the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Wenyuan Wang , Rong Wang , H. F. Chau , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share secret keys with the proven security even in the presence of an eavesdropper with unbounded computational power. Recently, GHz-clock decoy QKD systems have been realized by…

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