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Quantum correlations between parts of a composite system most clearly reveal themselves through entanglement. Designing, maintaining, and controlling entangled systems is very demanding, which raises the stakes for understanding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Matthew A. Hunt , Igor V. Lerner , Igor V. Yurkevich , Yuval Gefen

The well-known two-slit interference is understood as a special relation between observable (localization at the slits) and state (being on both slits). Relation between an observable and a quantum state is investigated in the general case.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fedor Herbut

One of the crucial steps in scientific studies is to specify dependent relationships among factors in a system of interest. Given little knowledge of a system, can we characterize the underlying dependent relationships through observation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-24 Shohei Hidaka

The quantum relative entropy $S(\rho||\sigma)$ is a widely used dissimilarity measure between quantum states, but it has the peculiarity of being asymmetric in its arguments. We quantify the amount of asymmetry by providing a sharp upper…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Koenraad M. R. Audenaert

Quantifying coherence is an essential endeavor for both quantum foundations and quantum technologies. In this paper, we put forward a quantitative measure of coherence by following the axiomatic definition of coherence measures introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-06 C. L. Liu , Da-Jian Zhang , Xiao-Dong Yu , Qi-Ming Ding , Longjiang Liu

Rank-based dependence measures such as Spearman's footrule are robust and invariant, but they often fail to capture directional or asymmetric dependence in multivariate settings. This paper introduces a new family of directional Spearman's…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Enrique de Amo , David García-Fernández , Manuel Úbeda-Flores

Symmetry is one of the most general and useful concepts in physics. A theory or a system that has a symmetry is fundamentally constrained by it. The same constraints do not apply when the symmetry is broken. The quantitative determination…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Ivan Fernandez-Corbaton

Dependence strucuture estimation is one of the important problems in machine learning domain and has many applications in different scientific areas. In this paper, a theoretical framework for such estimation based on copula and copula…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Jian Ma , Zengqi Sun

High-order phenomena play crucial roles in many systems of interest, but their analysis is often highly nontrivial. There is a rich literature providing a number of alternative information-theoretic quantities capturing high-order…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Fernando E. Rosas , Aaron Gutknecht , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Michael Gastpar

We analyze quantum state estimation for finite samples based on symmetry information. The used measurement concept compares an unknown qubit to a reference state. We describe explicitly an adaptive strategy, that enhances the estimation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christof J. Happ , Matthias Freyberger

Measures of association between cortical regions based on activity signals provide useful information for studying brain functional connectivity. Difficulties occur with signals of electric neuronal activity, where an observed signal is a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-09 Roberto D. Pascual-Marqui , Kieko Kochi , Toshihiko Kinoshita

Recent work has focused on the potential and pitfalls of causal identification in observational studies with multiple simultaneous treatments. Building on previous work, we show that even if the conditional distribution of unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-28 Jiajing Zheng , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

Simultaneous existence of correlation in complementary bases is a fundamental feature of quantum correlation, and we show that this characteristic is present in any non-product bipartite state. We propose a measure via mutually unbiased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-08 Yu Guo , Shengjun Wu

We propose a new bivariate symmetric copula with positive and negative dependence properties. The main features of the proposed copula are its simple mathematical structure, wider dependence range compared to FGM copula and its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-29 Swaroop Georgy Zachariah , Mohd. Arshad , Ashok Kumar Pathak

Copulas are essential tools in statistics and probability theory, enabling the study of the dependence structure between random variables independently of their marginal distributions. Among the various types of copulas, Ratio-Type Copulas…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Ziad Adwan , Nicola Sottocornola

When two variables are related by a known function, the coefficient of determination (denoted $R^2$) measures the proportion of the total variance in the observations that is explained by that function. This quantifies the strength of the…

Applications · Statistics 2013-03-11 Ben Murrell , Daniel Murrell , Hugh Murrell

The study of dependence between random variables is the core of theoretical and applied statistics. Static and dynamic copula models are useful for describing the dependence structure, which is fully encrypted in the copula probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-20 Dominque Guégan , Matteo Iacopini

Measuring dependence between two events, or equivalently between two binary random variables, amounts to expressing the dependence structure inherent in a $2\times 2$ contingency table in a real number between $-1$ and $1$. Countless such…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-13 Marc-Oliver Pohle , Timo Dimitriadis , Jan-Lukas Wermuth

We study the weak convergence of conditional empirical copula processes, when the conditioning event has a nonzero probability. The validity of several bootstrap schemes is stated, including the exchangeable bootstrap. We define general -…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-24 Alexis Derumigny , Jean-David Fermanian

An appeal for symmetry is made to build established notions of specific representation and specific nonlinearity of measurement (often called model error) into a canonical linear regression model. Additive components are derived from the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-10-19 Richard E. Danielson