English
Related papers

Related papers: Learning to Make Analogies by Contrasting Abstract…

200 papers

Analogical reasoning is the process of discovering and mapping correspondences from a target subject to a base subject. As the most well-known computational method of analogical reasoning, Structure-Mapping Theory (SMT) abstracts both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Chen Ling , Tanmoy Chowdhury , Junji Jiang , Junxiang Wang , Xuchao Zhang , Haifeng Chen , Liang Zhao

Ontologies formalise how the concepts from a given domain are interrelated. Despite their clear potential as a backbone for explainable AI, existing ontologies tend to be highly incomplete, which acts as a significant barrier to their more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Steven Schockaert , Yazmín Ibáñez-García , Víctor Gutiérrez-Basulto

Analogical reasoning is a core cognitive faculty essential for narrative understanding. While LLMs perform well when surface and structural cues align, they struggle in cases where an analogy is not apparent on the surface but requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hope McGovern , Caroline Craig , Thomas Lippincott , Hale Sirin

Humans regularly engage in analogical thinking, relating personal experiences to current situations (X is analogous to Y because of Z). Analogical thinking allows humans to solve problems in creative ways, grasp difficult concepts, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Xiao Ye , Andrew Wang , Jacob Choi , Yining Lu , Shreya Sharma , Lingfeng Shen , Vijay Tiyyala , Nicholas Andrews , Daniel Khashabi

Analogical reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, enabling us to solve new problems by transferring knowledge from one situation to another. Yet, developing artificial intelligence systems capable of robust human-like analogical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Philipp Hellwig , Willem Zuidema , Claire E. Stevenson , Martha Lewis

The vital role of analogical reasoning in human cognition allows us to grasp novel concepts by linking them with familiar ones through shared relational structures. Despite the attention previous research has given to word analogies, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Siyu Yuan , Jiangjie Chen , Xuyang Ge , Yanghua Xiao , Deqing Yang

The human ability to flexibly reason using analogies with domain-general content depends on mechanisms for identifying relations between concepts, and for mapping concepts and their relations across analogs. Building on a recent model of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Hongjing Lu , Nicholas Ichien , Keith J. Holyoak

LLMs have performed well on several reasoning benchmarks, including ones that test analogical reasoning abilities. However, there is debate on the extent to which they are performing general abstract reasoning versus employing non-robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Martha Lewis , Melanie Mitchell

Analogical reasoning is the ability to detect parallels between two seemingly distant objects or situations, a fundamental human capacity used for example in commonsense reasoning, learning, and creativity which is believed by many…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Christian Antić

The ability to conduct logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of intelligent human behavior, and thus an important problem along the way to human-level artificial intelligence. Traditionally, logic-based symbolic methods from the field…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Patrick Hohenecker , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Recent years have witnessed the great success of deep neural networks in many research areas. The fundamental idea behind the design of most neural networks is to learn similarity patterns from data for prediction and inference, which lacks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Shaoyun Shi , Hanxiong Chen , Min Zhang , Yongfeng Zhang

Logic-based problems such as planning, theorem proving, or puzzles, typically involve combinatoric search and structured knowledge representation. Artificial neural networks are very successful statistical learners, however, for many years,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Gadi Pinkas , Shimon Cohen

Letter-string analogy is an important analogy learning task which seems to be easy for humans but very challenging for machines. The main idea behind current approaches to solving letter-string analogies is to design heuristic rules for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Yujia Fan , Yongfeng Zhang

Analogical reasoning depends fundamentally on the ability to learn and generalize about relations between objects. We develop an approach to relational learning which, given a set of pairs of objects…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-08-30 Ricardo Silva , Katherine Heller , Zoubin Ghahramani , Edoardo M. Airoldi

Analogical reasoning is a unique ability of humans to address unfamiliar challenges by transferring strategies from relevant past experiences. One key finding in psychology is that compared with irrelevant past experiences, recalling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chengwei Qin , Wenhan Xia , Tan Wang , Fangkai Jiao , Yuchen Hu , Bosheng Ding , Ruirui Chen , Shafiq Joty

A hallmark of intelligence is the ability to use a familiar domain to make inferences about a less familiar domain, known as analogical reasoning. In this article, we delve into the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in dealing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Thilini Wijesiriwardene , Amit Sheth , Valerie L. Shalin , Amitava Das

Algorithms based on deep network models are being used for many pattern recognition and decision-making tasks in robotics and AI. Training these models requires a large labeled dataset and considerable computational resources, which are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Mohan Sridharan , Tiago Mota

With a view to bridging the gap between deep learning and symbolic AI, we present a novel end-to-end neural network architecture that learns to form propositional representations with an explicitly relational structure from raw pixel data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Murray Shanahan , Kyriacos Nikiforou , Antonia Creswell , Christos Kaplanis , David Barrett , Marta Garnelo

State of the art algorithms for many pattern recognition problems rely on deep network models. Training these models requires a large labeled dataset and considerable computational resources. Also, it is difficult to understand the working…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Heather Riley , Mohan Sridharan

Analogical reasoning plays a critical role in human cognition, enabling us to understand new concepts by associating them with familiar ones. Previous research in the AI community has mainly focused on identifying and generating analogies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Siyu Yuan , Cheng Jiayang , Lin Qiu , Deqing Yang