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The ability to plan actions on multiple levels of abstraction enables intelligent agents to solve complex tasks effectively. However, learning the models for both low and high-level planning from demonstrations has proven challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Kalle Kujanpää , Joni Pajarinen , Alexander Ilin

We study reinforcement learning (RL) problems in which agents observe the reward or transition realizations at their current state before deciding which action to take. Such observations are available in many applications, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Nadav Merlis

Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a powerful paradigm for autonomous robots to master generalist manipulation skills through trial-and-error. However, its real-world application is stifled by low sample efficiency. Recent Human-in-the-Loop…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haojun Chen , Zili Zou , Chengdong Ma , Yaoxiang Pu , Haotong Zhang , Yuanpei Chen , Yaodong Yang

Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Valerie Chen , Abhinav Gupta , Kenneth Marino

This paper introduces ACS2HER, a novel integration of the Anticipatory Classifier System (ACS2) with the Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) mechanism. While ACS2 is highly effective at building cognitive maps through latent learning, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Olgierd Unold , Stanisław Franczyk

Training LLMs as interactive agents for multi-turn decision-making remains challenging, particularly in long-horizon tasks with sparse and delayed rewards, where agents must execute extended sequences of actions before receiving meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiangweizhi Peng , Yuanxin Liu , Ruida Zhou , Charles Fleming , Zhaoran Wang , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms assume that users specify tasks by manually writing down a reward function. However, this process can be laborious and demands considerable technical expertise. Can we devise RL algorithms that instead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at visual understanding but often suffer from visual hallucinations, where they generate descriptions of nonexistent objects, actions, or concepts, posing significant risks in safety-critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tsung-Han Wu , Heekyung Lee , Jiaxin Ge , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often struggle with inefficient exploration, particularly in environments with sparse rewards. Traditional exploration strategies can lead to slow learning and suboptimal performance because agents fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Gaurav Chaudhary , Laxmidhar Behera , Washim Uddin Mondal

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms allow artificial agents to improve their selection of actions to increase rewarding experiences in their environments. Temporal Difference (TD) Learning -- a model-free RL method -- is a leading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Jacob Rafati , David C. Noelle

To enhance the cross-target and cross-scene generalization of target-driven visual navigation based on deep reinforcement learning (RL), we introduce an information-theoretic regularization term into the RL objective. The regularization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Qiaoyun Wu , Kai Xu , Jun Wang , Mingliang Xu , Xiaoxi Gong , Dinesh Manocha

Manipulating objects is a hallmark of human intelligence, and an important task in domains such as robotics. In principle, Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a general approach to learn object manipulation. In practice, however, domains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Dan Haramati , Tal Daniel , Aviv Tamar

We study lifelong visual perception in an embodied setup, where we develop new models and compare various agents that navigate in buildings and occasionally request annotations which, in turn, are used to refine their visual perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 David Nilsson , Aleksis Pirinen , Erik Gärtner , Cristian Sminchisescu

Visual navigation is often cast as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem. Current methods typically result in a suboptimal policy that learns general obstacle avoidance and search behaviours. For example, in the target-object navigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Mahdi Kazemi Moghaddam , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Qi Wu , Javen Shi , Anton Van Den Hengel

Many traditional algorithms for solving combinatorial optimization problems involve using hand-crafted heuristics that sequentially construct a solution. Such heuristics are designed by domain experts and may often be suboptimal due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Nina Mazyavkina , Sergey Sviridov , Sergei Ivanov , Evgeny Burnaev

Recent advances at the intersection of reinforcement learning (RL) and visual intelligence have enabled agents that not only perceive complex visual scenes but also reason, generate, and act within them. This survey offers a critical and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Weijia Wu , Chen Gao , Joya Chen , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Qingwei Meng , Yiming Zhang , Yuke Qiu , Hong Zhou , Mike Zheng Shou

In this paper, we consider the problem of building learning agents that can efficiently learn to navigate in constrained environments. The main goal is to design agents that can efficiently learn to understand and generalize to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Kei Ota , Yoko Sasaki , Devesh K. Jha , Yusuke Yoshiyasu , Asako Kanezaki

Recent research has turned to Reinforcement Learning (RL) to solve challenging decision problems, as an alternative to hand-tuned heuristics. RL can learn good policies without the need for modeling the environment's dynamics. Despite this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Pouya Hamadanian , Malte Schwarzkopf , Siddartha Sen , Mohammad Alizadeh

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved tremendous success as a general framework for learning how to make decisions. However, this success relies on the interactive hand-tuning of a reward function by RL experts. On the other hand,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Letian Chen , Rohan Paleja , Muyleng Ghuy , Matthew Gombolay

Reinforcement learning (RL) studies how an agent comes to achieve reward in an environment through interactions over time. Recent advances in machine RL have surpassed human expertise at the world's oldest board games and many classic video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Pedro A. Tsividis , Joao Loula , Jake Burga , Nathan Foss , Andres Campero , Thomas Pouncy , Samuel J. Gershman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum