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Compositionality is thought to be a key component of language, and various compositional benchmarks have been developed to empirically probe the compositional generalization of existing sequence processing models. These benchmarks often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Parikshit Ram , Tim Klinger , Alexander G. Gray

The functional approach to compositional distributional semantics considers transitive verbs to be linear maps that transform the distributional vectors representing nouns into a vector representing a sentence. We conduct an initial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-12-15 Tamara Polajnar , Laura Rimell , Stephen Clark

Many neural nets appear to represent data as linear combinations of "feature vectors." Algorithms for discovering these vectors have seen impressive recent success. However, we argue that this success is incomplete without an understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Martin Wattenberg , Fernanda B. Viégas

To solve a new task from minimal experience, it is essential to effectively reuse knowledge from previous tasks, a problem known as meta-learning. Compositional solutions, where common elements of computation are flexibly recombined into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jacob J. W. Bakermans , Pablo Tano , Reidar Riveland , Charles Findling , Alexandre Pouget

The reasonable definition of semantic interpretability presents the core challenge in explainable AI. This paper proposes a method to modify a traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) into an interpretable compositional CNN, in order…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Wen Shen , Zhihua Wei , Shikun Huang , Binbin Zhang , Jiaqi Fan , Ping Zhao , Quanshi Zhang

Compositional generalization is a basic and essential intellective capability of human beings, which allows us to recombine known parts readily. However, existing neural network based models have been proven to be extremely deficient in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Qian Liu , Shengnan An , Jian-Guang Lou , Bei Chen , Zeqi Lin , Yan Gao , Bin Zhou , Nanning Zheng , Dongmei Zhang

Reversible computing is motivated by both pragmatic and foundational considerations arising from a variety of disciplines. We take a particular path through the development of reversible computation, emphasizing compositional reversible…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jacques Carette , Chris Heunen , Robin Kaarsgaard , Amr Sabry

Patterns are fundamental to human cognition, enabling the recognition of structure and regularity across diverse domains. In this work, we focus on structural repeats, patterns that arise from the repetition of hierarchical relations within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zeng Ren , Xinyi Guan , Martin Rohrmeier

Despite a multitude of empirical studies, little consensus exists on whether neural networks are able to generalise compositionally, a controversy that, in part, stems from a lack of agreement about what it means for a neural model to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Dieuwke Hupkes , Verna Dankers , Mathijs Mul , Elia Bruni

Compositional generalization is the ability to generalize systematically to a new data distribution by combining known components. Although humans seem to have a great ability to generalize compositionally, state-of-the-art neural models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Juyong Kim , Pradeep Ravikumar , Joshua Ainslie , Santiago Ontañón

The ability to continually learn, retain and deploy skills to accomplish goals is a key feature of intelligent and efficient behavior. However, the neural mechanisms facilitating the continual learning and flexible (re-)composition of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Haozhe Shan , Sun Minni , Lea Duncker

We consider tensor grammars, which are an example of \commutative" grammars, based on the classical (rather than intuitionistic) linear logic. They can be seen as a surface representation of abstract categorial grammars ACG in the sense…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-11-22 Sergey Slavnov

Compressed sensing extends from the recovery of sparse vectors from undersampled measurements via efficient algorithms to the recovery of matrices of low rank from incomplete information. Here we consider a further extension to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-04 Holger Rauhut , Reinhold Schneider , Zeljka Stojanac

Systematic compositionality is the ability to recombine meaningful units with regular and predictable outcomes, and it's seen as key to humans' capacity for generalization in language. Recent work has studied systematic compositionality in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-20 João Loula , Marco Baroni , Brenden M. Lake

Recently, deep architectures, such as recurrent and recursive neural networks have been successfully applied to various natural language processing tasks. Inspired by bidirectional recurrent neural networks which use representations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-03 Ozan İrsoy , Claire Cardie

One of the key limitations of modern deep learning approaches lies in the amount of data required to train them. Humans, by contrast, can learn to recognize novel categories from just a few examples. Instrumental to this rapid learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Pavel Tokmakov , Yu-Xiong Wang , Martial Hebert

Interventional causal models describe several joint distributions over some variables used to describe a system, one for each intervention setting. They provide a formal recipe for how to move between the different joint distributions and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-06 Eigil F. Rischel , Sebastian Weichwald

Sequential data such as time series, video, or text can be challenging to analyse as the ordered structure gives rise to complex dependencies. At the heart of this is non-commutativity, in the sense that reordering the elements of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Csaba Toth , Patric Bonnier , Harald Oberhauser

The fine-tuning of deep pre-trained models has revealed compositional properties, with multiple specialized modules that can be arbitrarily composed into a single, multi-task model. However, identifying the conditions that promote…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Angelo Porrello , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Pietro Buzzega , Monica Millunzi , Simone Calderara , Rita Cucchiara

Traditional language models treat language as a finite state automaton on a probability space over words. This is a very strong assumption when modeling something inherently complex such as language. In this paper, we challenge this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-04 Kushal Arora , Anand Rangarajan