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In this paper, we investigate the limiting empirical spectral distribution (LSD) of sums of independent rank-one $k$-fold tensor products of $n$-dimensional vectors as $k,n \to \infty$. Assuming that the base vectors are complex random…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Wangjun Yuan

Under the high-dimensional setting that data dimension and sample size tend to infinity proportionally, we derive the central limit theorem (CLT) for linear spectral statistics (LSS) of large-dimensional sample covariance matrix. Different…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Liu Zhijun , Bai Zhidong , Hu Jiang , Song Haiyan

We consider the extreme eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix $Q=YY^*$ under the generalized elliptical model that $Y=\Sigma^{1/2}XD.$ Here $\Sigma$ is a bounded $p \times p$ positive definite deterministic matrix representing the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-20 Xiucai Ding , Jiahui Xie , Long Yu , Wang Zhou

We study the asymptotic distributions of the spiked eigenvalues and the largest nonspiked eigenvalue of the sample covariance matrix under a general covariance matrix model with divergent spiked eigenvalues, while the other eigenvalues are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Tony Cai , Xiao Han , Guangming Pan

In this paper, we analyse singular values of a large $p\times n$ data matrix $\mathbf{X}_n= (\mathbf{x}_{n1},\ldots,\mathbf{x}_{nn})$ where the column $\mathbf{x}_{nj}$'s are independent $p$-dimensional vectors, possibly with different…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Tianxing Mei , Chen Wang , Jianfeng Yao

We consider the empirical eigenvalue distribution of random real symmetric matrices with stochastically independent skew-diagonals and study its limit if the matrix size tends to infinity. We allow correlations between entries on the same…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-23 Kristina Schubert

This paper considers testing the covariance matrices structure based on Wald's score test in large dimensional setting. The hypothesis $H_0: \Sigma =\Sigma_0 $ for a given matrix $\Sigma_0$, which covers the identity hypothesis test and…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-03-01 Dandan Jiang , QiBin Zhang

We study the gaps between consecutive singular values of random rectangular matrices. Specifically, if $M$ is an $n \times p$ random matrix with independent and identically distributed entries and $\Sigma$ is a $n \times n$ deterministic…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Nicholas Christoffersen , Kyle Luh , Sean O'Rourke , Calum Shearer

Consider sample covariance matrices of the form $Q:=\Sigma^{1/2} X X^\top \Sigma^{1/2}$, where $X=(x_{ij})$ is an $n\times N$ random matrix whose entries are independent random variables with mean zero and variance $N^{-1}$, and $\Sigma$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-09 Fan Yang

The paper proves several limit theorems for linear eigenvalue statistics of overlapping Wigner and sample covariance matrices. It is shown that the covariance of the limiting multivariate Gaussian distribution is diagonalized by choosing…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Vladislav Kargin

We investigate the asymptotics of eigenvalues of sample covariance matrices associated with a class of non-independent Gaussian processes (separable and temporally stationary) under the Kolmogorov asymptotic regime. The limiting spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Tiebin Mi , Robert Caiming Qiu

We study sample covariance matrices arising from rectangular random matrices with i.i.d. columns. It was previously known that the resolvent of these matrices admits a deterministic equivalent when the spectral parameter stays bounded away…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Clément Chouard

This paper investigates global and local laws for sample covariance matrices with general growth rates of dimensions. The sample size $N$ and population dimension $M$ can have the same order in logarithm, which implies that their ratio…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Bing-Yi Jing , Weiming Li , Jiahui Xie , Yangchun Zhang , Wang Zhou

Consider an $n \times p$ data matrix $X$ whose rows are independently sampled from a population with covariance $\Sigma$. When $n,p$ are both large, the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix are substantially different from those of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Edgar Dobriban

In this paper we establish the limit of the empirical spectral distribution of quaternion sample covariance matrices. Suppose $\mathbf X_n = ({x_{jk}^{(n)}})_{p\times n}$ is a quaternion random matrix. For each $n$, the entries…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Huiqin Li , Zhidong Bai , Jiang Hu

We compute the limiting distributions of the largest eigenvalue of a complex Gaussian sample covariance matrix when both the number of samples and the number of variables in each sample become large. When all but finitely many, say $r$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jinho Baik , Gerard Ben Arous , Sandrine Peche

This paper investigates a statistical procedure for testing the equality of two independent estimated covariance matrices when the number of potentially dependent data vectors is large and proportional to the size of the vectors, that is,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-01 Rémy Mariétan , Stephan Morgenthaler

We derive the distribution of the eigenvalues of a large sample covariance matrix when the data is dependent in time. More precisely, the dependence for each variable $i=1,...,p$ is modelled as a linear process…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-19 Oliver Pfaffel , Eckhard Schlemm

We consider sample covariance matrices $S_N=\frac{1}{p}\Sigma_N^{1/2}X_NX_N^* \Sigma_N^{1/2}$ where $X_N$ is a $N \times p$ real or complex matrix with i.i.d. entries with finite $12^{\rm th}$ moment and $\Sigma_N$ is a $N \times N$…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-17 Olivier Ledoit , Sandrine Péché

In this paper, we study limiting laws and consistent estimation criteria for the extreme eigenvalues in a spiked covariance model of dimension $p$. Firstly, for fixed $p$, we propose a generalized estimation criterion that can consistently…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Jianwei Hu , Jingfei Zhang , Jianhua Guo , Ji Zhu