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Related papers: Trust Region-Guided Proximal Policy Optimization

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Proximal policy optimization(PPO) has been proposed as a first-order optimization method for reinforcement learning. We should notice that an exterior penalty method is used in it. Often, the minimizers of the exterior penalty functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Cheng Zeng , Hongming Zhang

Recently, test-time scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities across scientific and professional tasks by generating long chains-of-thought (CoT). As a crucial component for developing these…

For many applications of reinforcement learning it can be more convenient to specify both a reward function and constraints, rather than trying to design behavior through the reward function. For example, systems that physically interact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Joshua Achiam , David Held , Aviv Tamar , Pieter Abbeel

GRPO-style reinforcement learning (RL)-based LLM fine-tuning algorithms have recently gained popularity. Relying on heuristic trust-region approximations, however, they can lead to brittle optimization behavior, as global importance-ratio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Doyeon Lee , Eunyi Lyou , Hyunsoo Cho , Sookyung Kim , Joonseok Lee , Jaemoo Choi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) with PPO-like clip objectives has become the standard choice for reward-based fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). Although recent work has explored improved estimators of advantages and normalization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Philipp Becker , Niklas Freymuth , Serge Thilges , Fabian Otto , Gerhard Neumann

In various game scenarios, selecting a fixed number of targets from multiple enemy units is an extremely challenging task. This difficulty stems from the complex relationship between the threat levels of enemy units and their feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Wuzhou Sun , Siyi Li , Qingxiang Zou , Zixing Liao

Reinforcement Learning, a machine learning framework for training an autonomous agent based on rewards, has shown outstanding results in various domains. However, it is known that learning a good policy is difficult in a domain where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Takahisa Imagawa , Takuya Hiraoka , Yoshimasa Tsuruoka

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is one of the promising approaches for introducing robots into complicated environments. The recent remarkable progress of DRL stands on regularization of policy, which allows the policy to improve stably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Taisuke Kobayashi

While policy-based reinforcement learning (RL) achieves tremendous successes in practice, it is significantly less understood in theory, especially compared with value-based RL. In particular, it remains elusive how to design a provably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Qi Cai , Zhuoran Yang , Chi Jin , Zhaoran Wang

Trust region-based optimization methods have become foundational reinforcement learning algorithms that offer stability and strong empirical performance in continuous control tasks. Growing interest in scalable and reusable control policies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Thomas Gallien

Mirror descent (MD), a well-known first-order method in constrained convex optimization, has recently been shown as an important tool to analyze trust-region algorithms in reinforcement learning (RL). However, there remains a considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Manan Tomar , Lior Shani , Yonathan Efroni , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

In safety-critical domains, reinforcement learning (RL) agents must often satisfy strict, zero-cost safety constraints while accomplishing tasks. Existing model-free methods frequently either fail to achieve near-zero safety violations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Dominik Wagner , Ankit Kanwar , Luke Ong

Policy gradient reinforcement learning techniques enable an agent to directly learn an optimal action policy through the interactions with the environment. Nevertheless, despite its advantages, it sometimes suffers from slow convergence…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Mohammad G. Khoshkholgh , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Policy optimization methods are one of the most widely used classes of Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms. Yet, so far, such methods have been mostly analyzed from an optimization perspective, without addressing the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Yonathan Efroni , Lior Shani , Aviv Rosenberg , Shie Mannor

By leveraging differentiable dynamics, Reparameterization Policy Gradient (RPG) achieves high sample efficiency. However, current approaches are hindered by two critical limitations: the under-utilization of computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Hai Zhong , Xun Wang , Zhuoran Li , Longbo Huang

Most of reinforcement learning algorithms optimize the discounted criterion which is beneficial to accelerate the convergence and reduce the variance of estimates. Although the discounted criterion is appropriate for certain tasks such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Xiaoteng Ma , Xiaohang Tang , Li Xia , Jun Yang , Qianchuan Zhao

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is widely regarded as one of the most successful deep reinforcement learning algorithms, known for its robustness and effectiveness across a range of problems. The PPO objective encourages the importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Gilad Karpel , Ruida Zhou , Shoham Sabach , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

We introduce Team Utility-Constrained Proximal Policy Optimization (TUC-PPO), a new deep reinforcement learning framework. It extends Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) by integrating team welfare objectives specifically for spatial public…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Zhaoqilin Yang , Xin Wang , Ruichen Zhang , Chanchan Li , Youliang Tian

Legged locomotion in unstructured environments demands not only high-performance control policies but also formal guarantees to ensure robustness under perturbations. Control methods often require carefully designed reference trajectories,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Vrushabh Zinage , Narek Harutyunyan , Eric Verheyden , Fred Y. Hadaegh , Soon-Jo Chung

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is among the most widely used deep reinforcement learning algorithms, yet its theoretical foundations remain incomplete. Most importantly, convergence and understanding of fundamental PPO advantages remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Leif Doering , Daniel Schmidt , Moritz Melcher , Sebastian Kassing , Benedikt Wille , Tilman Aach , Simon Weissmann