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Recent advancements in gravitational wave astronomy hold the promise of a completely new way to explore our Universe. These lecture notes aim to provide a concise but self-contained introduction to key concepts of gravitational wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-16 Valerie Domcke

We propose a covariant and geometric framework to introduce space distances as they are used by astronomers. In particular, we extend the definition of space distances from the one used between events to non-test-bodies with horizons and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-11 Salvatore Capozziello , Alice Chiappini , Lorenzo Fatibene , Andrea Orizzonte

We provide a review on the state-of-the-art of gravitational waves induced by primordial fluctuations, so-called induced gravitational waves. We present the intuitive physics behind induced gravitational waves and we revisit and unify the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-08 Guillem Domènech

We study a Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system, in a bounded spatial domain, under Neumann boundary conditions on the electric potential. We allow a nonconstant coupling coefficient. For sufficiently small data, we find infinitely many standing…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-12-03 Monica Lazzo , Lorenzo Pisani

Using the Einstein gravitation theory we show how to obtain the basic equations which predict the gravitational waves. This paper was written to graduate and post-graduate students of Physics. We deduce the equations didactically following…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-15 M. Cattani

After an introduction emphasizing the importance of the gravitomag- netic effect in general relativity, with a resume of some space-based appli- cations, we discuss the so-called magnetic components of gravitational waves (GWs), which have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-22 Lorenzo Iorio , Christian Corda

In this paper, we study standing waves for the Anderson-Gross-Pitaevskii equation in dimension 1 and 2. The Anderson-Gross-Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a confining potential and a multiplicative spatial…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Samaël Mackowiak

The gravitational constant variation means the breakdown of the strong equivalence principle. As the cornerstone of general relativity, the validity of general relativity can be examined by studying the gravitational constant variation.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-28 Bing Sun , Jiachen An , Zhoujian Cao

In this study, the authors employ the analogy between continuum mechanics and general relativity to investigate, from the perspective of elasticity and crystal plasticity, the deformations of space measured by LIGO/VIRGO interferometers…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-14 David Izabel , Yves Remond , Matteo Luca Ruggiero

General relativity describes the dynamics of gravitational waves, which can feature nonlinear interactions, such as those underlying turbulent processes. Theoretical and numerical explorations have demonstrated the existence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-25 Holly Krynicki , Jiaxi Wu , Elias R. Most

A brief introduction to gravitational waves, addressing those questions that nowadays more and more frequently arise within a large audience (not only of insiders): what is a gravity wave, how can it be detected and, above all, what impact…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 M. Gasperini

We describe a natural inhomogeneous generalization of high frequency plane gravitational waves. The waves are high frequency waves of the Kundt type whose null propagation direction in space-time has vanishing expansion, twist and shear but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 C. Barrabes , P. A. Hogan

This is an overview article of the mathematics of gravitational waves. We explain the mathematics and physics of these waves in general relativity theory, discuss the gravitational wave experiment aLIGO and their detection of gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-11 Lydia Bieri , David Garfinkle , Nicolas Yunes

Teleparallel theory of gravity and its modifications have been studied extensively in literature. However, gravitational waves has not been studied enough in the framework of teleparallelism. In the present study, we discuss gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-04 Habib Abedi , Salvatore Capozziello

These notes provide a student-friendly introduction to the theory of gravitational waves in full, non-linear general relativity (GR). We aim for a balance between physical intuition and mathematical rigor and cover topics such as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-28 Fabio D'Ambrosio , Shaun D. B. Fell , Lavinia Heisenberg , David Maibach , Stefan Zentarra , Jann Zosso

The direct detection of gravitational waves opens the possibility to test general relativity and its alternatives in the strong field regime. Here we focus on the test of the existence of extra dimensions. The classification of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-26 Yu-Qiang Liu , Yu-Qi Dong , Yu-Xiao Liu

Twisted gravitational waves (TGWs) are nonplanar waves with twisted rays that move along a fixed direction in space. We study further the physical characteristics of a recent class of Ricci-flat solutions of general relativity representing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-19 Donato Bini , Carmen Chicone , Bahram Mashhoon , Kjell Rosquist

Gravitational wave predicted by General Relativity is the transverse wave of spatial strain. Several gravitational waveform signals from binary black holes and from a binary neutron star system accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-02 Kai Liao , Marek Biesiada , Xi-Long Fan

The state-of-the-art theoretical formalism for a covariant description of non-Gaussian fluctuation dynamics in relativistic fluids is discussed.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-01 Xin An , Gokce Basar , Mikhail Stephanov , Ho-Ung Yee

Even though the energy carried by a gravitational wave is not itself gauge invariant, the interaction with a gravitational antenna of the gravitational wave which carries that energy is. It therefore has to be possible to make some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Philip D. Mannheim