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The problem of storing a set of strings --- a string dictionary --- in compact form appears naturally in many cases. While classically it has represented a small part of the whole data to be processed (e.g., for Natural Language processing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-01-31 Nieves R. Brisaboa , Rodrigo Cánovas , Miguel A. Martínez-Prieto , Gonzalo Navarro

We present an on-line algorithm for maintaining a topological order of a directed acyclic graph as arcs are added, and detecting a cycle when one is created. Our algorithm takes O(m^{1/2}) amortized time per arc, where m is the total number…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-03-07 Bernhard Haeupler , Siddhartha Sen , Robert E. Tarjan

Biharmonic distance (\bd) is a powerful graph distance metric with many applications, including identifying critical links in road networks and mitigating over-squashing problem in \gnn. However, computing \bd\ is extremely difficult,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yueyang Pan , Meihao Liao , Rong-Hua Li

In this paper we propose a flexible and lightweight technique for merging compressed indices based on variants of Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT), thus addressing the need for algorithms that compute compressed indices over large…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Lavinia Egidi , Giovanni Manzini

Bitmap indexes are routinely used to speed up simple aggregate queries in databases. Set operations such as intersections, unions and complements can be represented as logical operations (AND, OR, NOT). However, less is known about the…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Owen Kaser , Daniel Lemire

In this paper we present a clean, yet effective, model for word sense disambiguation. Our approach leverage a bidirectional long short-term memory network which is shared between all words. This enables the model to share statistical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Mikael Kågebäck , Hans Salomonsson

Motivation: Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is a common component in full-text indices. Initially developed for data compression, it is particularly powerful for encoding redundant sequences such as pangenome data. However, BWT construction…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-10 Heng Li

The Suffix Array $SA_S[1\ldots n]$ of an $n$-length string $S$ is a lexicographically sorted array of the suffixes of $S$. The suffix array is one of the most well known and widely used data structures in string algorithms. We present a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Amihood Amir , Itai Boneh

Highly-repetitive collections of strings are increasingly being amassed by genome sequencing and genetic variation experiments, as well as by storing all versions of human-generated files, like webpages and source code. Existing indexes for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-22 Djamal Belazzougui , Fabio Cunial , Travis Gagie , Nicola Prezza , Mathieu Raffinot

We deal with the problem of maintaining the suffix tree indexing structure for a fully-online collection of multiple strings, where a new character can be prepended to any string in the collection at any time. The only previously known…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Shunsuke Inenaga

The $r$-index represented a breakthrough in compressed indexing of repetitive text collections, outperforming its alternatives by orders of magnitude in query time. Its space usage, $O(r)$ where $r$ is the number of runs in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Dustin Cobas , Travis Gagie , Gonzalo Navarro

The FM-index is a well-known compressed full-text index, based on the Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT). During a pattern search, the BWT sequence is accessed at "random" locations, which is cache-unfriendly. In this paper, we are interested…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Szymon Grabowski , Aleksander Cisłak

We revisit the classic border tree data structure [Gu, Farach, Beigel, SODA 1994] that answers the following prefix-suffix queries on a string $T$ of length $n$ over an integer alphabet $\Sigma=[0,\sigma)$: for any $i,j \in [0,n)$ return…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Solon P. Pissis

Compressed indexing is a powerful technique that enables efficient querying over data stored in compressed form, significantly reducing memory usage and often accelerating computation. While extensive progress has been made for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Rajat De , Dominik Kempa

The dictionary matching is a task to find all occurrences of patterns in a set $D$ (called a dictionary) on a text $T$. The Aho-Corasick-automaton (AC-automaton) is a data structure which enables us to solve the dictionary matching problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Diptarama Hendrian , Shunsuke Inenaga , Ryo Yoshinaka , Ayumi Shinohara

Recent work by Elmasry et al. (STACS 2015) and Asano et al. (ISAAC 2014), reconsidered classical fundamental graph algorithms focusing on improving the space complexity. We continue this line of work focusing on space. Our first result is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Niranka Banerjee , Sankardeep Chakraborty , Venkatesh Raman , Srinivasa Rao Satti

Recently, a new paradigm was introduced in automata theory. The main idea is to classify regular languages according to their propensity to be sorted, establishing a deep connection between automata theory and data compression [J. ACM…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Nicola Cotumaccio

For a well-studied family of domination-type problems, in bounded-treewidth graphs, we investigate whether it is possible to find faster algorithms. For sets $\sigma,\rho$ of non-negative integers, a $(\sigma,\rho)$-set of a graph $G$ is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jacob Focke , Dániel Marx , Fionn Mc Inerney , Daniel Neuen , Govind S. Sankar , Philipp Schepper , Philip Wellnitz

In the String Matching in Labeled Graphs (SMLG) problem, we need to determine whether a pattern string appears on a given labeled graph or a given automaton. Under the Orthogonal Vectors hypothesis, the SMLG problem cannot be solved in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Nicola Cotumaccio

We address the problem of building an index for a set $D$ of $n$ strings, where each string location is a subset of some finite integer alphabet of size $\sigma$, so that we can answer efficiently if a given simple query string (where each…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-04 Kimmo Fredriksson