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Related papers: ReQWIRE: Reasoning about Reversible Quantum Circui…

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We describe an embedding of the QWIRE quantum circuit language in the Coq proof assistant. This allows programmers to write quantum circuits using high-level abstractions and to prove properties of those circuits using Coq's theorem proving…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Robert Rand , Jennifer Paykin , Steve Zdancewic

Most modern (classical) programming languages support recursion. Recursion has also been successfully applied to the design of several quantum algorithms and introduced in a couple of quantum programming languages. So, it can be expected…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Zhaowei Xu , Mingsheng Ying , Shenggang Ying

Quantum programs today are written at a low level of abstraction - quantum circuits akin to assembly languages - and the unitary parts of even advanced quantum programming languages essentially function as circuit description languages.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Chris Heunen , Louis Lemonnier , Christopher McNally , Alex Rice

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. While superconducting qubits are among the most promising candidates for scalable QEC, their limited nearest-neighbor connectivity presents…

Existing quantum systems provide very limited physical qubit counts, trying to execute a quantum algorithm/circuit on them that have a higher number of logical qubits than physically available lead to a compile-time error. Given that it is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Movahhed Sadeghi , Soheil Khadirsharbiyani , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

Quantum oracles are widely adopted in problems, like query oracle in Grover's algorithm, cipher in quantum cryptanalytic and data encoder in quantum machine learning. Notably, the bit-flip oracle, capable of flipping the state based on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Buji Xu , Junhong Nie , Xiaoming Sun

Testing can be key to software quality assurance. Automated verification may increase throughput and reduce human fallibility errors. Test scripts supply inputs, run programs and check their outputs mechanically using test oracles. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-24 William B. Langdon

Decoherence is the main problem to be solved before quantum computers can be built. To control decoherence, it is possible to use error correction methods, but these methods are themselves noisy quantum computation processes. In this work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Pedro J. Salas , Angel L. Sanz

Demonstrating quantum advantage using conventional quantum algorithms remains challenging on current noisy gate-based quantum computers. Automated quantum circuit synthesis via quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising solution,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Shubing Xie , Aritra Sarkar , Sebastian Feld

We present reversible classical circuits for performing various arithmetic operations aided by dirty ancillae (i.e. extra qubits in an unknown state that must be restored before the circuit ends). We improve the number of clean qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-22 Craig Gidney

We introduce a novel scheme of quantum recursive programming, in which large unitary transformations, i.e. quantum gates, can be recursively defined using quantum case statements, which are quantum counterparts of conditionals and case…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Mingsheng Ying , Zhicheng Zhang

Quantum algorithms often apply classical operations, such as arithmetic or predicate checks, over a quantum superposition of classical data; these so-called oracles are often the largest components of a quantum program. To ease the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Liyi Li , Finn Voichick , Kesha Hietala , Yuxiang Peng , Xiaodi Wu , Michael Hicks

Reliable quantum information processing in the face of errors is a major fundamental and technological challenge. Quantum error correction protects quantum states by encoding a logical quantum bit (qubit) in multiple physical qubits. To be…

Quantum information processing offers dramatic speedups, yet is famously susceptible to decoherence, the process whereby quantum superpositions decay into mutually exclusive classical alternatives, thus robbing quantum computers of their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-21 Kristen L. Pudenz , Tameem Albash , Daniel A. Lidar

A critical component of any quantum error-correcting scheme is detection of errors by using an ancilla system. However, errors occurring in the ancilla can propagate onto the logical qubit, irreversibly corrupting the encoded information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 S. Rosenblum , P. Reinhold , M. Mirrahimi , Liang Jiang , L. Frunzio , R. J. Schoelkopf

Quantum computing is an emerging technology, promising a paradigm shift in computing, and allowing for speedups in many different problems. However, quantum devices are still in their early stages, most with only a small number qubits. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-09 Adam Kelly

In this paper, we describe and experimentally demonstrate an error detection scheme that does not employ ancilla qubits or mid-circuit measurements. This is achieved by expanding the Hilbert space where a single logical qubit is encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Nicolas J. Guerrero , David E. Weeks

Since simulating quantum computers requires exponentially more classical resources, efficient algorithms are extremely helpful. We analyze algorithms that create single qubit and specific controlled qubit matrix representations of gates.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric Hsu

Some two qubit interactions are singly sufficient for universal quantum computation but not without the use of an ancilla. Recent schemes for universal quantum computation have focused on hybrid physical systems using ancillae. In them, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-03 Kerem Halil-Shah , Daniel K. L. Oi