Related papers: Thermal forces from a microscopic perspective
A closed set of equations for the evolution of linear perturbations of homogeneous, isotropic cosmological models can be obtained in various ways. The simplest approach is to assume a macroscopic equation of state, e.g.\ that of a perfect…
A solute-blocking model is presented that provides a kinetic explanation of osmosis and ideal solution thermodynamics. It validates a diffusive model of osmosis that is distinct from the traditional convective flow model of osmosis. Osmotic…
We indicate the fundamental rationale underlying the control of temperature and the manipulation of thermal flux, with reference to a multilayered composite material. We show that when the orientation of the layers in the composite is…
The approach to a substantiation of thermodynamics is offered. A conservative system of interacting elements, which is not in equilibrium, is used as a model. This system is then split into small subsystems that are accepted as being in…
One considers the motion of a test particle in an homogeneous fluid in equilibrium at temperature $T$, undergoing dissipative collisions with the fluid particles. It is shown that the corresponding linear Boltzmann equation still posseses a…
Thermodynamic principles are often deceptively simple and yet surprisingly powerful. We show how a simple rule, such as the net flow of energy in and out of a moving atom under nonequilibrium steady state condition, can expose the…
The energetics of the stochastic process has shown the balance of energy on the mesoscopic level. The heat and the energy defined there are, however, generally different from their macroscopic counterpart. We show that this discrepancy can…
In this paper, thermal-slip coefficients in slip boundary conditions of the Stokes equation are derived using the generalized slip-flow theory, with special interest in the role of near-wall potential in micro- and nanoscale flows. As the…
The generally accepted view of osmotic pressure is that it is a colligative property, along with freezing point depression, boiling point elevation and vapour pressure lowering. These properties ideally depend on the concentration of…
Dry granular materials consist of a vast ensemble of discrete solid particles, interacting through complex frictional forces at the contact points. The particles are so large that these systems are believed to be completely athermal. Here,…
Starting at the mesoscopic level with a general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics in terms of Markov jump processes, we identify the scaling conditions that ensure the emergence of a (typically nonlinear) deterministic dynamics and…
Classical thermodynamics is unrivalled in its range of applications and relevance to everyday life. It enables a description of complex systems, made up of microscopic particles, in terms of a small number of macroscopic quantities, such as…
The divergence of the thermal conductivity in the thermodynamic limit is thoroughly investigated. The divergence law is consistently determined with two different numerical approaches based on equilibrium and non-equilibrium simulations. A…
We observe thermal motions of ions, and molecules in water through light extinction, at the individual particle level. The motions appear as time dependent intensity variations, characterized through their averaged spectra. Theoretical…
Vortex dynamics in fermionic superfluids is carefully considered from the microscopic point of view. Finite temperatures, as well as impurities, are explicitly incorporated. To enable readers understand the physical implications,…
Thermal gradients impart thermophoretic forces on colloidal particles, pushing colloids towards cold or hot regions, a phenomenon called thermophoresis. Current theoretical approaches relate the Soret coefficient to local changes in the…
We obtain macroscopic isothermal thermodynamic transformations by space-time scalings of a microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics in contact with a heat bath. The microscopic dynamics is given by a chain of anharmonic oscillators subject to a…
A hydrodynamic theory is formulated for buoyancy-driven ("thermal") granular convection, recently predicted in molecular dynamic simulations and observed in experiment. The limit of a dilute flow is considered. The problem is fully…
A droplet of a classical liquid surrounded by a cold gas placed on a hot substrate is accompanied by unremitting internal circulations, while the droplet remains immobile. Two identical cells with opposite sense of circulation form in the…
Many applications of porous media research involves high pressures and, correspondingly, exchange of thermal energy between the fluid and the matrix. While the system is relatively well understood for the case of non-moving porous media,…