Related papers: Reaction kinetics in the few-encounter limit
Diffusion-limited association reactions are ubiquitous in nature. They are particularly important for biological reactions, where the reaction rates are often determined by the diffusive transport of the molecules on two-dimensional…
In this paper we study the kinetics of diffusion-limited, pseudo-first-order A + B -> B reactions in situations in which the particles' intrinsic reactivities vary randomly in time. That is, we suppose that the particles are bearing "gates"…
The long-time behavior of a reaction-diffusion front between one static (e.g. porous solid) reactant A and one initially separated diffusing reactant B is analyzed for the mean-field reaction-rate density R(\rho_A,\rho_B) =…
An activated process consists of energy activation and barrier crossing; the former is a prerequisite for the latter. Barrier crossing has been studied extensively, but energy activation has been overlooked due to a lack of means to gauge…
A common scenario in a variety of biological systems is that multiple particles are searching in parallel for an immobile target located in a bounded domain, and the fastest among them that arrives to the target first triggers a given…
The concept of the "transient effect" is examined in respect of a "mean first passage time". It is demonstrated that the time the fissioning system stays inside the barrier is much larger than suggested by the transient time, and that no…
Curvatures in the most probable rupture force ($f^*$) versus log-loading rate ($\log{r_f}$) observed in dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS) on biomolecular complexes are interpreted using a one-dimensional free energy profile with multiple…
The reaction coordinate describing a transition between reactant and product is a fundamental concept in the theory of chemical reactions. Within transition-path theory, a quantitative definition of the reaction coordinate is found in the…
In its general definition, the law of mass action posits that, in systems where multiple elements move randomly, the rate by which they physically interact is proportional to the product of their densities. This law predicts the rate of…
Many reactions in chemistry and biology involve multiple electronic states, rendering them nonadiabatic in nature. These reactions can be formally described using Fermi's golden rule (FGR) in the weak-coupling limit. Nonadiabatic instanton…
When a chemical reaction is driven by an external field, the transition state that the system must pass through as it changes from reactant to product -for example, an energy barrier- becomes time-dependent. We show that for periodic…
We present two approaches for describing chemical reactions taking place in fluid phase. The first method mirrors the usual derivation of the hydrodynamic equations of motion by relating conserved---or to account for chemical reactions,…
The reversible A <-> B reaction-diffusion process, when species A and B are initially mixed and diffuse with different diffusion coefficients, is investigated using the boundary layer function method. It is assumed that the ratio of the…
First-passage processes are pervasive across numerous scientific fields, yet a general framework for understanding their response to external perturbations remains elusive. While the fluctuation-dissipation theorem offers a complete linear…
Diffusion-coagulation can be simply described by a dynamic where particles perform a random walk on a lattice and coalesce with probability unity when meeting on the same site. Such processes display non-equilibrium properties with strong…
Background: Nuclear reactions are complex, with a large number of possible channels. Understanding how different channels contribute to a given reaction is investigated by perturbing the continuous spectrum. Purpose: To develop tools to…
Many out of equilibrium phenomena, such as diffusion-limited reactions or target search processes, are controlled by first-passage events. So far the general determination of the mean first-passage time (FPT) to a target in confinement has…
Complex biochemical pathways or regulatory enzyme kinetics can be reduced to chains of elementary reactions, which can be described in terms of chemical kinetics. This discipline provides a set of tools for quantifying and understanding the…
Many scientific questions can be framed as asking for a first passage time (FPT), which generically describes the time it takes a random "searcher" to find a "target." The important timescale in a variety of biophysical systems is the time…
Energy and momentum of the elementary excitations become independent variables in medium: energy and momentum statistical distributions are not identical. The momentum distribution and not the energy distribution is relevant for barrier…