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We have studied atomic diffraction at normal incidence from an evanescent standing wave with a high resolution using velocity selective Raman transitions. We have observed up to 3 resolved orders of diffraction, which are well accounted for…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Esteve , D. Stevens , V. Savalli , N. Westbrook , C. I. Westbrook , A. Aspect

A popular pedagogical approach for introducing diffraction is to assume normal incidence of light on a single slit or a plane transmission grating. Interesting cases of diffraction from a grating at orientations other than normal incidence…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-25 Ninad R. Jetty , Akash Suman , Rajesh B. Khaparde

This work presents a new design for broadband absorption of low-frequency acoustic waves using a thin coating made of subwavelength acoustic resonators arranged periodically on a reflective surface. We first study the associated scattering…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Habib Ammari , Yu Gao , Lara Vrabac

Gradient metasurfaces have been extensively applied in recent years for enabling an unprecedented control of light beam over thin optical components. However, these metasurfaces suffer from low efficiency when it comes to bending light with…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-22 Tie-Jun Huang , Li-Zheng Yin , Jin Zhao , Chao-Hai Du , Pu-Kun Liu

The design of strain-stable, or even strain-enhanced thermal transport materials is critical for stable operation of high-performance electronic devices. However, most nanomaterials suffer from strain-induced degradation, with even minor…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-09 Yu Li , Zhiqiang Zhao , Zhuhua Zhang , Yong-Wei Zhang , Jin-Wu Jiang

Managing group-delay (GD) spread is vital for reducing the complexity of digital signal processing (DSP) in long-haul systems using multi-mode fibers. GD compensation through mode permutation, which involves periodically exchanging power…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-13 Oleksiy Krutko , Rebecca Refaee , Anirudh Vijay , Nika Zahedi , J. M. Kahn

The measurement of the spectral diffraction efficiencies of a diffraction grating is essential for improving the manufacturing technique and for assessing the grating's function in practical applications. The drawback of the currently…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-07-09 Shenghao Wang , Shijie Liu , Jianda Shao , Yonglu Wang , Fanyu Kong , Yunxia Jin

In this work, a metamaterial selective solar absorber made of nanostructured titanium gratings deposited on an ultrathin MgF2 spacer and a tungsten ground film is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Normal absorptance of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-16 Hao Wang , Vijay Prasad Sivan , Arnan Mitchell , Gary Rosengarten , Patrick Phelan , Liping Wang

In the present paper, high transmission bit rate of a thermal arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) which is composed of lithium niobate (LiNbO3)/polymethyl metha acrylate (PMMA) hybrid materials on a silicon substrate in Passive Optical Networks…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-06-23 Abd El Naser A. Mohammed , Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed , Gaber E. S. M. El Abyad , Abd El Fattah A. Saad

Salient Object Detection (SOD) domain using RGB-D data has lately emerged with some current models' adequately precise results. However, they have restrained generalization abilities and intensive computational complexity. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Tanveer Hussain , Saeed Anwar , Amin Ullah , Khan Muhammad , Sung Wook Baik

Metasurfaces composed of subwavelength unit cells usually require a large number of unit cells which leads to complicated design and optimization. Aggressive discretization in a metasurface can significantly reduce the number of unit cells…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-01-13 Chu Qi , Alex M. H. Wong

The increase of cell efficiency resulting from using a diffraction grating as a back reflector is investigated. An enhancement coefficient is introduced as a figure of merit that accounts for the ability of the rear grating to increase the…

Optics · Physics 2008-11-20 Mario M. Jakas , Francisco Llopis

Training-free diffusion guidance offers a flexible framework for leveraging off-the-shelf classifiers without additional training. Yet, current approaches hinge on posterior approximations via Tweedie's formula, which often yield unreliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Van Khoa Nguyen , Lionel Blondé , Alexandros Kalousis

We study gradient compression methods to alleviate the communication bottleneck in data-parallel distributed optimization. Despite the significant attention received, current compression schemes either do not scale well or fail to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Thijs Vogels , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Martin Jaggi

Gratings and holograms are patterned surfaces that tailor optical signals by diffraction. Despite their long history, variants with remarkable functionalities continue to be discovered. Further advances could exploit Fourier optics, which…

RGB-D salient object detection (SOD) demonstrates its superiority on detecting in complex environments due to the additional depth information introduced in the data. Inevitably, an independent stream is introduced to extract features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Guangyu Ren , Yinxiao Yu , Hengyan Liu , Tania Stathaki

We introduce a novel interferometric approach for suppressing zero-order diffraction (ZOD) in phase-only computer-generated holography. The technique relies on the destructive interference between the zeroth-order light and a suppression…

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong generative performance when using guidance methods such as classifier-free guidance (CFG), which enhance output quality by modifying the sampling trajectory. These methods typically improve a target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Kwanyoung Kim

Large-scale distributed training requires significant communication bandwidth for gradient exchange that limits the scalability of multi-node training, and requires expensive high-bandwidth network infrastructure. The situation gets even…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Yujun Lin , Song Han , Huizi Mao , Yu Wang , William J. Dally

In this Letter, we study the transmission response of microwaves through two identical metallic plates machined with ultranarrow slit arrays. The measured and calculated transmission spectra consistently display a striking transmission peak…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-11 Chunyin Qiu , Sucheng Li , Ruirui Chen , Bo Hou , Feng Li , Zhengyou Liu