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Mass extinction is a phenomenon in the history of life on Earth when a considerable number of species go extinct over a relatively short period of time. The magnitude of extinction varies between the events, the most well known are the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-08-29 Amer Alsulami , Sergei Petrovskii

The giant impact hypothesis for Moon formation successfully explains the dynamic properties of the Earth-Moon system but remains challenged by the similarity of isotopic fingerprints of the terrestrial and lunar mantles. Moreover, recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Hongping Deng , Maxim D. Ballmer , Christian Reinhardt , Matthias M. M. Meier , Lucio Mayer , Joachim Stadel , Federico Benitez

We study systems of close orbiting planets evolving under the influence of tidal circularization. It is supposed that a commensurability forms through the action of disk induced migration and orbital circularization. After the system enters…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 J. C. B. Papaloizou

Current planet formation theories rely on initially compact orbital configurations undergoing a (possibly extended) phase of giant impacts following the dispersal of the dissipative protoplanetary disk. The orbital architectures of observed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-05 Alysa Obertas , Daniel Tamayo , Norm Murray

Mini-Neptunes and volatile-poor super-Earths coexist on adjacent orbits in proximity to host stars such as Kepler-36 and Kepler-11. Several post-formation processes have been proposed for explaining the origin of the compositional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Shang-Fei Liu , Yasunori Hori , D. N. C. Lin , Erik Asphaug

Since twenty years, a large population of close-in planets orbiting various classes of low-mass stars (from M to A-type stars) has been discovered. In such systems, the dissipation of the kinetic energy of tidal flows in the host star may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Emeline Bolmont , Stéphane Mathis

Recent studies have shown that ocean dynamics can have a significant warming effect on the permanent night sides of 1 to 1 tidally locked terrestrial exoplanets with Earth-like atmospheres and oceans in the middle of the habitable zone.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Jun Yang , Dorian S. Abbot , Daniel D. B. Koll , Yongyun Hu , Adam P. Showman

We have numerically studied the thermal evolution of various-mass terrestrial planets in habitable zones, focusing on duration of dynamo activity to generate their intrinsic magnetic fields, which may be one of key factors in habitability…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Chihiro Tachinami , Hiroki Senshu , Shigeru Ida

We investigate the outcomes of collisions between Mars-sized bodies through smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, focusing on the transitions among ``merging'', ``hit-and-run'', and catastrophic disruption. By systematically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka , Yukihiko Hasegawa , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

Previous work has shown that the tidal interaction between a binary system and a circumbinary disc leads to the formation of a large inner cavity in the disc. Subsequent formation and inward migration of a low mass planet causes it to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Arnaud Pierens , Richard P. Nelson

Intense bombardment of solar system planets in the immediate aftermath of protoplanetary disk dissipation has played a key role in their atmospheric evolution. During this epoch, energetic collisions will have removed significant masses of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-13 Oliver Shorttle , Homa Saeidfirozeh , Paul Rimmer , Vojtĕch Laitl , Petr Kubelík , Lukáš Petera , Martin Ferus

Recent observations of gaps and non-axisymmetric features in the dust distributions of transition disks have been interpreted as evidence of embedded massive protoplanets. However, comparing the predictions of planet-disk interaction models…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Alexander J. W. Richert , Wladimir Lyra , Aaron Boley , Mordecai-Mark Mac Low , Neal Turner

Windblown sand creates multiscale bedforms on Earth, Mars, and other planetary bodies. According to conventional wisdom, decameter-scale dunes and decimeter-scale ripples emerge via distinct mechanisms on Earth: a hydrodynamic instability…

The effect of melting in planetary mantles plays a key role in their thermo-chemical evolution. Because of the laterally heterogeneous nature of melting, 3D numerical simulations are in principle necessary prohibiting us from exploring wide…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Kenny Vilella , Shunichi Kamata

The magnetic activity of a star -- which modulates the stellar wind outflow -- shapes the immediate environments of orbiting planets and induces atmospheric loss thereby impacting their habitability. We perform a detailed parameter space…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Sakshi Gupta , Arnab Basak , Dibyendu Nandy

We present the results of a suite of \Nbody simulations aimed at understanding the fundamental aspects of the long-term evolution of the internal kinematics of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters. Our models enable us to study…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-24 Maria Tiongco , Enrico Vesperini , Anna Lisa Varri

The Earth's comparatively massive moon, formed via a giant impact on the proto-Earth, has played an important role in the development of life on our planet, both in the history and strength of the ocean tides and in stabilizing the chaotic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Sebastian Elser , Ben Moore , Joachim Stadel , Ryuji Morishima

We study the effect of a massive planetesimal disk on the dynamical stability of the outer planets assuming, as has been suggested recently, that these were initially locked in a compact and multiresonant configuration as a result of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Mauricio Reyes-Ruiz , Hector Aceves , Carlos E. Chavez

The chance that a planetary system will interact with another member of its host star's nascent cluster would be greatly increased if gas giant planets form in situ on wide orbits. In this paper, we explore the outcomes of planet-planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Aaron C. Boley , Matthew J. Payne , Eric B. Ford

This chapter concerns the long-term dynamical evolution of planetary systems from both theoretical and observational perspectives. We begin by discussing the planet-planet interactions that take place within our own Solar System. We then…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Melvyn B. Davies , Fred C. Adams , Philip Armitage , John Chambers , Eric Ford , Alessandro Morbidelli , Sean N. Raymond , Dimitri Veras