English
Related papers

Related papers: Money on the Table: Statistical information ignore…

200 papers

Ensuring the reliability of automated decision-making based on neural networks will be crucial as Artificial Intelligence systems are deployed more widely in critical situations. This paper proposes a new approach for measuring confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Daniel Sikar , Artur d'Avila Garcez , Tillman Weyde

Recently, fully-connected and convolutional neural networks have been trained to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a wide variety of tasks such as speech recognition, image classification, natural language processing, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Yichuan Tang

When incrementally trained on new classes, deep neural networks are subject to catastrophic forgetting which leads to an extreme deterioration of their performance on the old classes while learning the new ones. Using a small memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Quentin Jodelet , Xin Liu , Tsuyoshi Murata

Softmax classifiers with a very large number of classes naturally occur in many applications such as natural language processing and information retrieval. The calculation of full softmax is costly from the computational and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Shabnam Daghaghi , Tharun Medini , Nicholas Meisburger , Beidi Chen , Mengnan Zhao , Anshumali Shrivastava

Distance metric learning (DML) is to learn the embeddings where examples from the same class are closer than examples from different classes. It can be cast as an optimization problem with triplet constraints. Due to the vast number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Qi Qian , Lei Shang , Baigui Sun , Juhua Hu , Hao Li , Rong Jin

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have performed admirably in classification tasks. However, the characterization of their classification uncertainties, required for certain applications, has been lacking. In this work, we investigate the issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yu Pan , Kwo-Sen Kuo , Michael L. Rilee , Hongfeng Yu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) often struggle with one-shot learning where we have only one or a few labeled training examples per category. In this paper, we argue that by using side information, we may compensate the missing information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful deep learning models designed for graph-structured data, demonstrating effectiveness across a wide range of applications.The softmax function is the most commonly used classifier for semi-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Yiming Yang , Jun Liu , Wei Wan

Loss functions play a key role in training superior deep neural networks. In convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the popular cross entropy loss together with softmax does not explicitly guarantee minimization of intra-class variance or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-26 XiaoBin Li , WeiQiang Wang

Softmax working with cross-entropy is widely used in classification, which evaluates the similarity between two discrete distribution columns (predictions and true labels). Inspired by chi-square test, we designed a new loss function called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Zeyu Wang , Meiqing Wang

Is the output softmax layer, which is adopted by most language models (LMs), always the best way to compute the next word probability? Given so many attention layers in a modern transformer-based LM, are the pointer networks redundant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Haw-Shiuan Chang , Zonghai Yao , Alolika Gon , Hong Yu , Andrew McCallum

We consider learning a probabilistic classifier from partially-labelled supervision (inputs denoted with multiple possibilities) using standard neural architectures with a softmax as the final layer. We identify a bias phenomenon that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Zsolt Zombori , Agapi Rissaki , Kristóf Szabó , Wolfgang Gatterbauer , Michael Benedikt

The softmax activation function plays a crucial role in the success of large language models (LLMs), particularly in the self-attention mechanism of the widely adopted Transformer architecture. However, the underlying learning dynamics that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yang Cao , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

Transformers have transformed the field of natural language processing. This performance is largely attributed to the use of stacked self-attention layers, each of which consists of matrix multiplies as well as softmax operations. As a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Jacob R. Stevens , Rangharajan Venkatesan , Steve Dai , Brucek Khailany , Anand Raghunathan

The computational cost of training with softmax cross entropy loss grows linearly with the number of classes. For the settings where a large number of classes are involved, a common method to speed up training is to sample a subset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Ankit Singh Rawat , Jiecao Chen , Felix Yu , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Sanjiv Kumar

A common practice in most of deep convolutional neural architectures is to employ fully-connected layers followed by Softmax activation to minimize cross-entropy loss for the sake of classification. Recent studies show that substitution or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-23 Arash Shahriari

We present a latent variable model for classification that provides a novel probabilistic interpretation of neural network softmax classifiers. We derive a variational objective to train the model, analogous to the evidence lower bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Shehzaad Dhuliawala , Mrinmaya Sachan , Carl Allen

We study the tradeoff between computational effort and classification accuracy in a cascade of deep neural networks. During inference, the user sets the acceptable accuracy degradation which then automatically determines confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Konstantin Berestizshevsky , Guy Even

We propose a novel approach which exploits chaos to enhance classification accuracy. Specifically, the available data that need to be classified are treated as vectors that are first lifted into a higher-dimensional space and then used as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Panos Stinis

It is often remarked that neural networks fail to increase their uncertainty when predicting on data far from the training distribution. Yet naively using softmax confidence as a proxy for uncertainty achieves modest success in tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Tim Pearce , Alexandra Brintrup , Jun Zhu