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Related papers: Maximum Entropy Generators for Energy-Based Models

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Maximum likelihood estimation is widely used in training Energy-based models (EBMs). Training requires samples from an unnormalized distribution, which is usually intractable, and in practice, these are obtained by MCMC algorithms such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Zhisheng Xiao , Qing Yan , Yali Amit

Energy-based models (EBMs) are versatile density estimation models that directly parameterize an unnormalized log density. Although very flexible, EBMs lack a specified normalization constant of the model, making the likelihood of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Louis Grenioux , Éric Moulines , Marylou Gabrié

Efficient approximation lies at the heart of large-scale machine learning problems. In this paper, we propose a novel, robust maximum entropy algorithm, which is capable of dealing with hundreds of moments and allows for computationally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-05 Diego Granziol , Binxin Ru , Stefan Zohren , Xiaowen Doing , Michael Osborne , Stephen Roberts

Maximum entropy models provide the least constrained probability distributions that reproduce statistical properties of experimental datasets. In this work we characterize the learning dynamics that maximizes the log-likelihood in the case…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-09-21 Ulisse Ferrari

Maximum entropy principle (MEP) offers an effective and unbiased approach to inferring unknown probability distributions when faced with incomplete information, while neural networks provide the flexibility to learn complex distributions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-04 Wuyue Yang , Liangrong Peng , Guojie Li , Liu Hong

Mixture density networks are neural networks that produce Gaussian mixtures to represent continuous multimodal conditional densities. Standard training procedures involve maximum likelihood estimation using the negative log-likelihood (NLL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yutao Chen , Jasmine Bayrooti , Steven Morad

Generative models have been successfully used for generating realistic signals. Because the likelihood function is typically intractable in most of these models, the common practice is to use "implicit" models that avoid likelihood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Itai Alon , Amir Globerson , Ami Wiesel

In this paper, we propose to equip Generative Adversarial Networks with the ability to produce direct energy estimates for samples.Specifically, we propose a flexible adversarial training framework, and prove this framework not only ensures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-27 Zihang Dai , Amjad Almahairi , Philip Bachman , Eduard Hovy , Aaron Courville

We propose a novel molecular computing scheme for statistical inference. We focus on the much-studied statistical inference problem of computing maximum likelihood estimators for log-linear models. Our scheme takes log-linear models to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Manoj Gopalkrishnan

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) present a flexible and appealing way to represent uncertainty. Despite recent advances, training EBMs on high-dimensional data remains a challenging problem as the state-of-the-art approaches are costly, unstable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Will Grathwohl , Jacob Kelly , Milad Hashemi , Mohammad Norouzi , Kevin Swersky , David Duvenaud

Training energy-based probabilistic models is confronted with apparently intractable sums, whose Monte Carlo estimation requires sampling from the estimated probability distribution in the inner loop of training. This can be approximately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Taesup Kim , Yoshua Bengio

This paper presents a general framework for exploiting the representational capacity of neural networks to approximate complex, nonlinear reward functions in the context of solving the inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) problem. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-14 Markus Wulfmeier , Peter Ondruska , Ingmar Posner

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can produce high-quality samples, but do not provide an estimate of the probability density around the samples. However, it has been noted that maximizing the log-likelihood within an energy-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Omri Ben-Dov , Pravir Singh Gupta , Victoria Abrevaya , Michael J. Black , Partha Ghosh

We consider the problem of estimating a probability distribution that maximizes the entropy while satisfying a finite number of moment constraints, possibly corrupted by noise. Based on duality of convex programming, we present a novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Tobias Sutter , David Sutter , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani , John Lygeros

There have been many applications of deep neural networks to detector calibrations and a growing number of studies that propose deep generative models as automated fast detector simulators. We show that these two tasks can be unified by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-14 Haoxing Du , Claudius Krause , Vinicius Mikuni , Benjamin Nachman , Ian Pang , David Shih

Two recently introduced criteria for estimation of generative models are both based on a reduction to binary classification. Noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) is an estimation procedure in which a generative model is trained to be able to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-22 Ian J. Goodfellow

Despite the successes in capturing continuous distributions, the application of generative adversarial networks (GANs) to discrete settings, like natural language tasks, is rather restricted. The fundamental reason is the difficulty of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Tong Che , Yanran Li , Ruixiang Zhang , R Devon Hjelm , Wenjie Li , Yangqiu Song , Yoshua Bengio

In this paper, we make a bold attempt toward an ambitious task: given a pre-trained classifier, we aim to reconstruct an image generator, without relying on any data samples. From a black-box perspective, this challenge seems intractable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Runpeng Yu , Xinchao Wang

We propose Energy-based generator matching (EGM), a modality-agnostic approach to train generative models from energy functions in the absence of data. Extending the recently proposed generator matching, EGM enables training of arbitrary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Dongyeop Woo , Minsu Kim , Minkyu Kim , Kiyoung Seong , Sungsoo Ahn

Energy-based models for discrete domains, such as graphs, explicitly capture relative likelihoods, naturally enabling composable probabilistic inference tasks like conditional generation or enforcing constraints at test-time. However,…

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