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Since the year 2000, adaptive optics (AO) has seen the emergence of a variety of new concepts addressing particular science needs; multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) is one of them. By correcting the atmospheric turbulence in 3D using…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-09 Francois Rigaut , Benoit Neichel

In ground-based astronomy, Adaptive Optics (AO) is a pivotal technique, engineered to correct wavefront phase distortions and thereby enhance the quality of the observed images. Integral to an AO system is the wavefront sensor (WFS), which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-07 Yutong Wu , Roland Wagner , Ronny Ramlau , Raymond H. Chan

We build on a long-standing tradition in astronomical adaptive optics (AO) of specifying performance metrics and error budgets using linear systems modeling in the spatial-frequency domain. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive tool for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Carlos M. Correia , Charlotte Z. Bond , Jean-François Sauvage , Thierry Fusco , Rodolphe Conan , Peter Wizinowich

Initially designed to detect and characterize exoplanets, extreme adaptive optics systems (AO) open a new window on the solar system by resolving its small bodies. Nonetheless, despite the always increasing performances of AO systems, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-14 Anthony Berdeu , Férréol Soulez , Kate Minker , Benoit Carry , Guillaume Bourdarot , Antoine Kaszczyc , Maud Langlois

Many optical systems use acousto-optics for fast steering of light. However, acousto-optic (AO) light diffraction permits manipulation and shaping of light fields in a much broader sense including holography. While acousto-optic devices…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-15 Walther Akemann , Laurent Bourdieu

Current and future high contrast imaging instruments aim to detect exoplanets at closer orbital separations, lower masses, and/or older ages than their predecessors, with the eventual goal of directly detecting terrestrial-mass…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-31 Benjamin L. Gerard , Daren Dillon , Sylvain Cetre , Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Thomas D Yuzvinsky , Holger Schmidt

As new large-scale astronomical surveys greatly increase the number of objects targeted and discoveries made, the requirement for efficient follow-up observations is crucial. Adaptive optics imaging, which compensates for the image-blurring…

Adaptive optics (AO) is a powerful image correction technique with proven benefits for many life-science microscopy methods. However, the complexity of adding a reflective wavefront modulator and a wavefront sensor into already complicated…

Modern Giant Segmented Mirror Telescopes (GSMTs) like the Extremely Large Telescope, which is currently under construction, depend heavily on Adaptive Optics (AO) systems to correct for atmospheric distortions. However, a residual blur…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-05 Roland Wagner , Jenny Niebsch , Ronny Ramlau

Rather than using an adaptive optics (AO) system to correct a telescope s entire pupil, it can instead be used to more finely correct a smaller sub-aperture. Indeed, existing AO systems can be used to correct a sub-aperture 1/3 to 1/2 the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. Serabyn , K. Wallace , M. Troy , B. Mennesson , P. Haguenauer , R. Gappinger , R. Burruss

Using an observational derived model optical turbulence profile (model-OTP) we have investigated the performance of Adaptive Optics (AO) at Siding Spring Observatory (SSO), Australia. The simulations cover the performance for AO techniques…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Michael Goodwin , Charles Jenkins , Andrew Lambert

Astrometric precision and knowledge of the point spread function are key ingredients for a wide range of astrophysical studies including time-delay cosmography in which strongly lensed quasar systems are used to determine the Hubble…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 Geoff C. -F. Chen , Tommaso Treu , Christopher D. Fassnacht , Sam Ragland , Thomas Schmidt , Sherry H. Suyu

Images obtained by microscopes are generally degraded by aberrations. Adaptive optics (AO) has been widely used in to compensate for aberrations and improve reduced image quality. Requiring no separate wavefront sensor, sensorless AO…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-23 Biwei Zhang , Qi Hu , Jingyu Wang , Martin J. Booth

Speckle is an intrinsic pattern in optical coherence tomography (OCT) that obscures fine image features and degrades effective resolution. In this study, we propose a numerical speckle reduction method based on the dispersed scatterer model…

Optical imperfections, misalignments, aberrations, and even dust can significantly limit sensitivity in high-contrast imaging systems such as coronagraphs. An upstream deformable mirror (DM) in the pupil can be used to correct or compensate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Johanan L. Codona , Matthew Kenworthy

The contrast performance of current eXtreme Adaptive Optics (XAO) systems can be improved by adding a second AO correction stage featuring its own wavefront sensor, deformable mirror, and real-time controller. We develop a dynamical model…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-28 Nelly Cerpa-Urra , Markus Kasper , Caroline Kulcsár , Henri-François Raynaud , Cedric Taïssir Heritier

Astronomical optical interferometers (OI) sample the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of a source at the observation wavelength. Because of rapid atmospheric perturbations, the phases of the complex Fourier samples…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-06 Antony Schutz , André Ferrari , David Mary , Eric Thiébaut , Ferréol Soulez

This paper presents the status of an ongoing project aimed at developing a PSF reconstruction software for adaptive optics (AO) observations. In particular, we test for the first time the implementation of pyramid wave-front sensor data on…

Speckle noise is an inherent disturbance in coherent imaging systems such as digital holography, synthetic aperture radar, optical coherence tomography, or ultrasound systems. These systems usually produce only single observation per view…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-19 Tsung-Ming Tai , Yun-Jie Jhang , Wen-Jyi Hwang , Chau-Jern Cheng

Since its beginnings, diffraction-limited ground-based adaptive optics (AO) imaging has been limited to wavelengths in the near IR ({\lambda} > 1 micron) and longer. Visible AO ({\lambda} < 1 micron) has proven to be difficult because…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-03 Derek Kopon , Jared R. Males , Laird M. Close , Victor Gasho