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The Lovasz theta function provides a lower bound for the chromatic number of finite graphs based on the solution of a semidefinite program. In this paper we generalize it so that it gives a lower bound for the measurable chromatic number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-21 Christine Bachoc , Gabriele Nebe , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

We continue the study of the quantum channel version of Shannon's zero-error capacity problem. We generalize the celebrated Haemers bound to noncommutative graphs (obtained from quantum channels). We prove basic properties of this bound,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-10 Sander Gribling , Yinan Li

For $q,n,d \in \mathbb{N}$, let $A_q^L(n,d)$ denote the maximum cardinality of a code $C \subseteq \mathbb{Z}_q^n$ with minimum Lee distance at least $d$, where $\mathbb{Z}_q$ denotes the cyclic group of order $q$. We consider a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-19 Sven Polak

Determining the Shannon capacity of graphs is a long-standing open problem in information theory, graph theory and combinatorial optimization. Over decades, a wide range of upper and lower bound methods have been developed to analyze this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-26 David de Boer , Pjotr Buys , Jeroen Zuiddam

We generalise some well-known graph parameters to operator systems by considering their underlying quantum channels. In particular, we introduce the quantum complexity as the dimension of the smallest co-domain Hilbert space a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-22 Rupert H. Levene , Vern I. Paulsen , Ivan G. Todorov

Covering arrays are generalizations of orthogonal arrays that have been widely studied and are used in software testing. The probabilistic method has been employed to derive upper bounds on the sizes of minimum covering arrays and give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Lucia Moura , Sebastian Raaphorst , Brett Stevens

Universal bounds for the potential energy of weighted spherical codes are obtained by linear programming. The universality is in the sense of Cohn-Kumar -- every attaining code is optimal with respect to a large class of potential functions…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-12-20 Sergiy Borodachov , Peter Boyvalenkov , Peter Dragnev , Douglas Hardin , Edward Saff , Maya Stoyanova

This letter addresses an open question concerning a variant of the Lov\'{a}sz $\vartheta$ function, which was introduced by Schrijver and independently by McEliece et al. (1978). The question of whether this variant provides an upper bound…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Igal Sason

In this paper, we study the relations between the numerical structure of the optimal solutions of a convex programming problem defined on the edge set of a simple graph and the stability number (i.e. the maximum size of a subset of pairwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 G. Greco

We derive exact values and new bounds for the Shannon capacity of two families of graphs: the $q$-Kneser graphs and the tadpole graphs. We also construct a countably infinite family of connected graphs whose Shannon capacity is not attained…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Nitay Lavi , Igal Sason

We extend upper bounds on the quantum independence number and the quantum Shannon capacity of graphs to their counterparts in the commuting operator model. We introduce a von Neumann algebraic generalization of the fractional Haemers bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Li Gao , Sander Gribling , Yinan Li

This paper concerns parameterized convex infinite (or semi-infinite) inequality systems whose decision variables run over general infinite-dimensional Banach (resp. finite-dimensional) spaces and that are indexed by an arbitrary fixed set T…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-02-07 M. J. CÁnovas , M. A. LÓpez , B. S. Mordukhovich , J. Parra

The capacity of finite state channels (FSCs) has been established as the limit of a sequence of multi-letter expressions only and, despite tremendous effort, a corresponding finite-letter characterization remains unknown to date. This paper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Holger Boche , Rafael F. Schaefer , H. Vincent Poor

The zero-error capacity of a classical channel is expressed in terms of the independence number of some graph and its tensor powers. This quantity is hard to compute even for small graphs such as the cycle of length seven, so upper bounds…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Salman Beigi

In recent years, learning for neural networks can be viewed as optimization in the space of probability measures. To obtain the exponential convergence to the optimizer, the regularizing term based on Shannon entropy plays an important…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-07 Keito Akiyama

Motivated by communication through a network employing linear network coding, capacities of linear operator channels (LOCs) with arbitrarily distributed transfer matrices over finite fields are studied. Both the Shannon capacity $C$ and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-13 Shenghao Yang , Siu-Wai Ho , Jin Meng , En-hui Yeung

The Hoffman ratio bound, Lov\'{a}sz theta function and Schrijver theta function are classical upper bounds for the independence number of graphs, which are useful in graph theory, extremal combinatorics and information theory. By using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Jiang Zhou

Recently, many works studied the expressive power of graph neural networks (GNNs) by linking it to the $1$-dimensional Weisfeiler--Leman algorithm ($1\text{-}\mathsf{WL}$). Here, the $1\text{-}\mathsf{WL}$ is a well-studied heuristic for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Christopher Morris , Floris Geerts , Jan Tönshoff , Martin Grohe

We study the quantum channel version of Shannon's zero-error capacity problem. Motivated by recent progress on this question, we propose to consider a certain operator space as the quantum generalisation of the adjacency matrix, in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-19 Runyao Duan , Simone Severini , Andreas Winter

In this note, we present a fractional version of Haemers' bound on the Shannon capacity of a graph, which is originally due to Blasiak. This bound is a common strengthening of both Haemers' bound and the fractional chromatic number of a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Boris Bukh , Christopher Cox