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Quantum computers promise exponential speedups for problems in cryptography, chemistry, and optimization. Realizing this promise requires fault tolerance: physical qubits are noisy, so logical qubits must be encoded redundantly across many…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Aws Albarghouthi

Quantum-phase-estimation algorithms are critical subroutines in many applications for quantum computers and in quantum-metrology protocols. These algorithms estimate the unknown strength of a unitary evolution. By using coherence or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Joseph G. Smith , Crispin H. W. Barnes , David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur

We construct a gate and time-independent noise model that results in the output of a logical randomized benchmarking protocol oscillating rather than decaying exponentially. To illustrate our idea, we first construct an example in standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-13 Athena Ceasura , Pavithran Iyer , Joel J. Wallman , Hakop Pashayan

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

As quantum processors grow in scale and reliability, the need for efficient quantum gate decomposition of circuits to a set of specific available gates, becomes ever more critical. The decomposition of a particular algorithm into a sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Jonathan Nemirovsky , Maya Chuchem , Yotam Shapira

Due to the unreliability and limited capacity of existing quantum computer prototypes, quantum circuit simulation continues to be a vital tool for validating next generation quantum computers and for studying variational quantum algorithms,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 Yipeng Huang , Steven Holtzen , Todd Millstein , Guy Van den Broeck , Margaret Martonosi

We investigate the generation of quantum operations for one-qubit systems under classical noise with 1/f^\alpha power spectrum, where 2>\alpha > 0. We present an efficient way to approximate the noise with a discrete multi-state Markovian…

Recent work has explored using the stabilizer formalism to classically simulate quantum circuits containing a few non-Clifford gates. The computational cost of such methods is directly related to the notion of stabilizer rank, which for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Sergey Bravyi , Dan Browne , Padraic Calpin , Earl Campbell , David Gosset , Mark Howard

Fault-tolerant quantum computing typically requires the transpilation of arbitrary quantum circuits into a finite, universal gate set, such as Clifford+T. As a baseline, Diagonal approximation can be used for synthesizing single-qubit Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Gilad Kishony , Avi Elazari , Ron Cohen , Lior Gazit

This work focuses on reducing the physical cost of implementing quantum algorithms when using the state-of-the-art fault-tolerant quantum error correcting codes, in particular, those for which implementing the T gate consumes vastly more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Michele Mosca , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

With the current rate of progress in quantum computing technologies, systems with more than 50 qubits will soon become reality. Computing ideal quantum state amplitudes for circuits of such and larger sizes is a fundamental step to assess…

In this paper, we analyze several critical issues in semi-device independent quantum information processing protocol. In practical experimental realization randomness generation in that scenario is possible only if the efficiency of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Marcin Pawlowski , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

We present two deterministic algorithms to approximate single-qutrit gates. These algorithms utilize the Clifford + $\mathbf{R}$ group to find the best approximation of diagonal rotations. The first algorithm exhaustively searches over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm , Diyi Liu , Edison M. Murairi , Shuchen Zhu

We propose a phase-difference estimation algorithm based on the tensor-network circuit compression, leveraging time-evolution data to pursue scalability and higher accuracy on a quantum phase estimation (QPE)-type algorithm. Using tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Shu Kanno , Kenji Sugisaki , Rei Sakuma , Jumpei Kato , Hajime Nakamura , Naoki Yamamoto

Quantum computation provides great speedup over its classical counterpart for certain problems. One of the key challenges for quantum computation is to realize precise control of the quantum system in the presence of noise. Control of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-30 Xing Rong , Jianpei Geng , Fazhan Shi , Ying Liu , Kebiao Xu , Wenchao Ma , Fei Kong , Zhen Jiang , Yang Wu , Jiangfeng Du

We show how to realize a general quantum circuit involving gates between arbitrary pairs of qubits by means of geometrically local quantum operations and efficient classical computation. We prove that circuit-level local stochastic noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Shin Ho Choe , Robert Koenig

High-fidelity logical \emph{T}-gate realization constitutes a core prerequisite for large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, conventional magic state distillation requires massive physical qubit overhead across successive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Cheng-Yun Ding , Li-Hua Zhang , Jian Zhou

Efficient verification of the functioning of quantum devices is a key to the development of quantum technologies, but is a daunting task as the system size increases. Here we propose a simple and general framework for verifying unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Huangjun Zhu , Haoyu Zhang

Developing quantum computers for real-world applications requires understanding theoretical sources of quantum advantage and applying those insights to design more powerful machines. Toward that end, we introduce a high-fidelity gate set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Alexander D. Hill , Mark J. Hodson , Nicolas Didier , Matthew J. Reagor

Fault-tolerant logical entangling gates are essential for scalable quantum computing, but are limited by the error rates and overheads of physical two-qubit gates and measurements. To address this limitation, we introduce phantom…