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Machine learning models are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations in the input domain, causing incorrect predictions. Inspired by this phenomenon, we explore the feasibility of manipulating EEG-based Motor Imagery (MI) Brain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Bibek Upadhayay , Vahid Behzadan

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based wearable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and non-stationary neural activity. We introduce in this manuscript a mathematically rigorous framework that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-24 Eva Guttmann-Flury , Shan Zhao , Jian Zhao , Mohamad Sawan

This paper considers a joint scattering environment sensing and data recovery problem in an uplink integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. To facilitate joint scatterers localization and multi-user (MU) channel estimation, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 An Liu , Wenkang Xu , Wei Xu , Giuseppe Caire

Brain-computer interfacing (BCI) is a technology that is almost four decades old and it was developed solely for the purpose of developing and enhancing the impact of neuroprosthetics. However, in the recent times, with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Ravi M. Vishwanath , Saumya Kumaar , S N Omkar

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables a user to communicate with a computer directly using brain signals. The most common non-invasive BCI modality, electroencephalogram (EEG), is sensitive to noise/artifact and suffers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Dongrui Wu , Yifan Xu , Bao-Liang Lu

This paper presents an Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated approach to Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)-based wheelchair development, utilizing a motor imagery right-left-hand movement mechanism for control. The system is designed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Bipul Thapa , Biplov Paneru , Bishwash Paneru , Khem Narayan Poudyal

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neuroimaging technique that records brain neural activity with high temporal resolution. Unlike other methods, EEG does not require prohibitively expensive equipment and can be easily set up using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Arash Akbarinia

Brain-computer interface uses brain signals to communicate with external devices without actual control. Many studies have been conducted to classify motor imagery based on machine learning. However, classifying imagery data with sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Byeong-Hoo Lee , Jeong-Hyun Cho , Byung-Hee Kwon

Recently, advanced technologies have unlimited potential in solving various problems with a large amount of data. However, these technologies have yet to show competitive performance in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) which deal with brain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Byeong-Hoo Lee , Jeong-Hyun Cho , Byoung-Hee Kwon , Seong-Whan Lee

Deep learning for decoding EEG signals has gained traction, with many claims to state-of-the-art accuracy. However, despite the convincing benchmark performance, successful translation to real applications is limited. The frequent…

Driving fatigue is a major contributor to traffic accidents and poses a serious threat to road safety. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a direct measurement of neural activity, yet EEG-based fatigue recognition is hindered by strong…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yip Tin Po , Jianming Wang , Yutao Miao , Jiayan Zhang , Yunxu Zhao , Xiaomin Ouyang , Zhihong Li , Nevin L. Zhang

Collaborative brain-computer interface (cBCI) that conduct motor imagery (MI) among multiple users has the potential not only to improve overall BCI performance by integrating information from multiple users, but also to leverage…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Shiwei Cheng , Jialing Wang

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an essential mechanism that interprets the human brain signal. It provides an assistive technology that enables persons with motor disabilities to communicate with the world and also empowers them to lead…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-22 Srihari Maruthachalam

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) based on motor imagery translate mental motor images recognized from the electroencephalogram (EEG) to control commands. EEG patterns of different imagination tasks, e.g. hand and foot movements, are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-27 Alessandro Bria , Claudio Marrocco , Francesco Tortorella

Public Motor Imagery-based brain-computer interface (BCI) datasets are being used to develop increasingly good classifiers. However, they usually follow discrete paradigms where participants perform Motor Imagery at regularly timed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Ivo Pascal de Jong , Lüke Luna van den Wittenboer , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Andreea Ioana Sburlea

Spatially-varying intensity noise is a common source of distortion in medical images. Bias field noise is one example of such a distortion that is often present in the magnetic resonance (MR) images or other modalities such as retina…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Reza Abbasi-Asl , Aboozar Ghaffari , Emad Fatemizadeh

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) turn brain signals into functionally useful output, but they are not always accurate. A good Machine Learning classifier should be able to indicate how confident it is about a given classification, by giving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Joris Suurmeijer , Ivo Pascal de Jong , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Andreea Ioana Sburlea

Driver drowsiness is one of main factors leading to road fatalities and hazards in the transportation industry. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been considered as one of the best physiological signals to detect drivers drowsy states, since…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-02 Jian Cui , Zirui Lan , Yisi Liu , Ruilin Li , Fan Li , Olga Sourina , Wolfgang Mueller-Wittig

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), particularly the P300 BCI, facilitate direct communication between the brain and computers. The fundamental statistical problem in P300 BCIs lies in classifying target and non-target stimuli based on…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-16 Bangyao Zhao , Jane E. Huggins , Jian Kang

Brain computer interface applications can be used to overcome learning problems, especially student anxiety, lack of focus, and lack of attention. This paper introduces a system based on brain computer interface (BCI) to be used in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Hameda F Balat , M A El-dosuky , El-Saeed Abd M El-Razek , Magdi Z Rashed