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Despite the initial belief that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are driven by shapes to perform visual recognition tasks, recent evidence suggests that texture bias in CNNs provides higher performing models when learning on large…

Automatic lesion detection and segmentation from [${}^{18}$F]FDG PET/CT scans is a challenging task, due to the diversity of shapes, sizes, FDG uptake and location they may present, besides the fact that physiological uptake is also present…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a complimentary method to measure bone quality and assess fracture risk. However, manual segmentation of MR images of bone is time-consuming, limiting the use of MRI measurements in the…

Automatic multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion segmentation using multi-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) images provides improved efficiency and reproducibility compared to manual delineation. Current state-of-the-art automatic MS lesion…

With pervasive applications of medical imaging in health-care, biomedical image segmentation plays a central role in quantitative analysis, clinical diagno- sis, and medical intervention. Since manual anno- tation su ers limited…

Visual saliency is a fundamental problem in both cognitive and computational sciences, including computer vision. In this CVPR 2015 paper, we discover that a high-quality visual saliency model can be trained with multiscale features…

A major challenge in stroke research and stroke recovery predictions is the determination of a stroke lesion's extent and its impact on relevant brain systems. Manual segmentation of stroke lesions from 3D magnetic resonance (MR) imaging…

Over 30 papers have proposed to use convolutional neural network (CNN) for AD classification from anatomical MRI. However, the classification performance is difficult to compare across studies due to variations in components such as…

Several machine learning techniques for accurate detection of skin cancer from medical images have been reported. Many of these techniques are based on pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which enable training the models based…

Non-invasive detection of cardiovascular disorders from radiology scans requires quantitative image analysis of the heart and its substructures. There are well-established measurements that radiologists use for diseases assessment such as…

Despite recent progress on semantic segmentation, there still exist huge challenges in medical ultra-resolution image segmentation. The methods based on multi-branch structure can make a good balance between computational burdens and…

In this article, we look into some essential aspects of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the focus on medical image segmentation. First, we discuss the CNN architecture, thereby highlighting the spatial origin of the data,…

Automated brain tumour segmentation has the potential of making a massive improvement in disease diagnosis, surgery, monitoring and surveillance. However, this task is extremely challenging. Here, we describe our automated segmentation…

Accurate segmentation of critical anatomical structures is at the core of medical image analysis. The main bottleneck lies in gathering the requisite expert-labeled image annotations in a scalable manner. Methods that permit to produce…

Deep learning has been shown to produce state of the art results in many tasks in biomedical imaging, especially in segmentation. Moreover, segmentation of the cerebrovascular structure from magnetic resonance angiography is a challenging…

Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths in men. There is a growing demand for noninvasively and accurately diagnostic methods that facilitate the current standard prostate cancer risk assessment in clinical…

One of the critical steps in improving accurate single neuron reconstruction from three-dimensional (3D) optical microscope images is the neuronal structure segmentation. However, they are always hard to segment due to the lack in quality.…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely and successfully used for medical image segmentation. However, CNNs are typically considered to require large numbers of dedicated expert-segmented training volumes, which may be…

For 3D medical image (e.g. CT and MRI) segmentation, the difficulty of segmenting each slice in a clinical case varies greatly. Previous research on volumetric medical image segmentation in a slice-by-slice manner conventionally use the…

We introduce a novel segmentation-aware joint training framework called generative reinforcement network (GRN) that integrates segmentation loss feedback to optimize both image generation and segmentation performance in a single stage. An…