Related papers: Direct observation of vacuum arc evolution with na…
The dynamics of electric field generation and radial acceleration of ions by a laser pulse of relativistic intensity propagating in an underdense plasma has been investigated using an one-dimensional electrostatic, ponderomotive model…
Understanding the microscopic phenomena behind vacuum arc ignition and generation is crucial for being able to control the breakdown rate, thus improving the effectiveness of many high-voltage applications where frequent breakdowns limit…
Although used in the design and costing of large projects such as linear colliders and tokamaks, the theory of vacuum arcs and gradient limits is not well understood. Almost 120 years after the isolation of vacuum arcs, the exact mechanisms…
There exist two families of superradiance phenomena: relying on correlated emission by an ensemble of atoms or by free electrons. Here we investigate emission from an ensemble of atoms driven by coherently shaped electrons. This interaction…
In metal nanostructures under illumination, multiple different processes can drive current flow, and in an open- circuit configuration some of these processes lead to the production of open-circuit photovoltages. Structures that have…
A numerical investigation on the spatiotemporal evolution of an electron beam, externally injected in a plasma in the presence of a plasma wake field, is carried out. The latter is driven by an ultra-short relativistic axially-symmetric…
Formation of near-cathode plasma at the instant of breakdown of the air gap was studied by the methods of picosecond laser probing. It was demonstrated that 1-2 ns after a sharp rise of the current through the discharge gap dense plasma…
The additional pumping of energy into arc plasma flow by the self-consistently formed radially directed beam of high-energy electrons for evaporation of micro-droplets is considered. The radial beam appears near the inner cylindrical…
The region very close to an electron ($r << r_0 = e^2/mc^2 \approx 2.8\times 10^{-13}$ cm) is, according to quantum electrodynamics, a seething maelstrom of virtual electron-positron pairs flashing in and out of existence. To take account…
We use analytical methods and particle-in-cell simulation to investigate the origin of electrons accelerated by the process of direct laser acceleration driven by high-power laser pulses in preformed narrow cylindrical plasma channels. The…
Dual-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers are the core detector elements of many experiments that conduct searches for Dark Matter and rare events, as well as in neutrino and high-energy physics. As part of this detector technology,…
A physical model of the formation of a vortex current in a plasma channel of lightning discharges due to the anomalous Hall effect caused by relativistic spin-orbit interaction phenomenon is proposed. The existence of fast electromagnetic…
Superponderomotive-energy electrons are observed experimentally from the interaction of an intense laser pulse with a relativistically transparent target. For a relativistically transparent target, kinetic modeling shows that the generation…
This work studies the region of nanoparticle growth in atmospheric pressure carbon arc. Detection of the nanoparticles is realized via the planar laser induced incandescence (PLII) approach. Measurements revealed large clouds of…
The phenomenon of electron-laser vacuum breakdown is the multiple cascade production of electron-positron pairs in head-on collision of a beam of relativistic electrons with an intense laser pulse. This effect was first predicted by the…
All experimental evidence {indicates} that the vacuum is not void, but filled with something truly quantum. This is reflected by terms such as {zero-point} fluctuations, and Dirac's sea of virtual particle-antiparticle pairs, and last but…
Ionising radiation interactions in matter can trigger a cascade of processes that underpin long-lived damage in the medium. To date, however, a lack of suitable methodologies has precluded our ability to understand the role that material…
In this paper we analyze the motion of charged particles in a vacuum tube diode by solving linear differential equations. Our analysis is based on expressing the volume charge density as a function of the current density and coordinates…
We studied the macro evolution of the micro atmospheric glow discharge generated between a micro argon jet into ambient air and static water. The micro discharge behaves similarly to a complex ecosystem. Non-linear behaviors are found for…
Metre-scale plasma wakefield accelerators have imparted energy gain approaching 10 gigaelectronvolts to single nano-Coulomb electron bunches. To reach useful average currents, however, the enormous energy density that the driver deposits…