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Attosecond x-ray pulse with known spectro-temporal information is an essential tool for the investigation of ultrafast electron dynamics in quantum systems. Ultrafast free-electron lasers (FELs) have the unique advantage on unprecedented…
The effective transparency of rare-gas clusters, post-interaction with an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pump pulse, is predicted by using an atomistic hybrid quantum-classical molecular dynamics model. We find there is an intensity range for…
Short pulse lasers are used to characterize the nonlinear response of amplified photodetectors. Two widely used balanced detectors are characterized in terms of amplitude, area, broadening, and balancing the mismatch of their impulse…
We propose and numerically validate an all-optical scheme to generate a train of optical pulses. Modulation of a continuous wave with a periodic binary temporal phase pattern followed by a spectral phase shaping enables us to obtain…
A new scheme for enantiomer differentiation of chiral molecules using a pair of linearly polarized intense ultrashort laser pulses with skewed mutual polarization is presented. The technique relies on the fact that the off-diagonal…
Post-compression of ultra-short laser pulses via self-phase modulation is routinely employed for the generation of laser pulses with optical bandwidths reaching far beyond the laser gain limitations. While high compression factors can be…
Novel VUV sources and techniques for VUV spectroscopy are reviewed. Laser-based VUV sources have been developed via non-linear upconversion of laser pulses in the nanosecond (ns), the picosecond (ps), and femtosecond (fs) domain, and are…
The sensitivity curve of a canonical pulsar timing array is calculated for two types of source: a monochromatic wave and a stochastic background. These calculations are performed in both a Bayesian and frequentist framework, using both…
In this letter we demonstrate the possibility to determine the temporal and spectral structure (spectrogram) of a complex light pulse exploiting the ultrafast switching character of a non-thermal photo-induced phase transition. As a proof,…
Optical systems capable of generating fields with sub-wavelength spatial features have become standard in science and engineering research and industry. Pertinent examples include atom- and ion-based quantum computers and optical…
We have proposed and developed a method to utilize attosecond pulses in diffraction imaging techniques applied to complex samples. In this study, the effects of the broadband properties of the wavefield owing to attosecond pulses are…
We propose and demonstrate two methods for modal decomposition in multi-mode fibres. Linearly polarized modes propagating in a slightly multi-mode fibre are easily retrieved from intensity measurements at the fibre output surface. The first…
We demonstrate a hybrid distributed fiber sensing system for multi-parameter detection. The integration of phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry ({\Phi}-OTDR) and Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (B-OTDR) enables…
Ultralight vector dark matter induces metric fluctuations that generate timing residuals in the arrival times of pulsar emissions through two distinct modes: a fast mode, sourced by coherent field oscillations, and a slow mode, arising from…
Detection and classification of radars based on pulses they transmit is an important application in electronic warfare systems. In this work, we propose a novel deep-learning based technique that automatically recognizes intra-pulse…
Tunable polarization over a wide spectral range is a required feature of light sources employed to investigate the properties of local symmetry in both condensed and low-density matter. Among new-generation sources, free-electron lasers…
Optical techniques for spatiotemporal control can produce laser pulses with custom amplitude, phase, or polarization structure. In nonlinear optics and plasma physics, the use of structured pulses typically follows a forward design…
Weak value amplification is a classical phenomenon that can enhance the sensitivity of a measurement through clever use of interference. The most well-known paradigm of weak value amplification makes use of a Gaussian pulse, which is…
Observing and studying the evolution of rare non-repetitive natural phenomena such as optical rogue waves or dynamic chemical processes in living cells is a crucial necessity for developing science and technologies relating to them. One…
Machine learning techniques are now well established in experimental particle physics, allowing detector data to be analysed in new and unique ways. The identification of signals in particle observatories is an essential data processing…