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We address a question whether the observed light curves of X-ray flares originating deep in galactic cores can give us independent constraints on the mass of the central supermassive black hole. To this end we study four brightest flares…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-10-18 G. D. Karssen , M. Bursa , A. Eckart , M. Valencia-S. , M. Dovciak , V. Karas , J. Horak

Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy, is known to be a variable source of X-ray, near-infrared (NIR), and submillimeter (submm) radiation and therefore a prime candidate to study the…

The relations between masses of Super-Massive Black Holes, Mbh, in galactic nuclei, maximal rotational velocities, Vm, and indicative masses, Mi, of galaxies are studied for galaxies with the available rotation curves. Mbh correlates with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. V. Zasov , A. M. Cherepashchuk , L. N. Petrochenko

At cosmological distances, gravitational lensing can provide a direct measurement of supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses irrespective of their luminosities. Here, we directly estimate the mass of a SMBH in the brightest cluster galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-21 Mandy C. Chen , Tom Broadhurst , Jeremy Lim , Jose M. Diego , Youichi Ohyama , Holland Ford , Narciso Benítez

I review the status of observational determinations of central masses in nearby galactic nuclei. Results from a variety of techniques are summarized, including ground-based and space-based optical spectroscopy, radio VLBI measurements of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luis C. Ho

The strong tidal force in a supermassive black hole's (SMBH) vicinity, coupled with a higher stellar density at the center of a galaxy, make it an ideal location to study the interaction between stars and black holes. Two stars moving near…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-17 Betty X. Hu , Avi Loeb

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are common in local galactic nuclei, and SMBHs as massive as several billion solar masses already exist at redshift z=6. These earliest SMBHs may grow by the combination of radiation-pressure-limited…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Zoltán Haiman

There is overwhelming evidence for the presence of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the centers of most nearby galaxies. The mass estimates for these remnant black holes from the stellar kinematics of local galaxies and the quasar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Priyamvada Natarajan

The self-lensing of a massive black hole binary (MBHB), which occurs when the two BHs are aligned close to the line of sight, is expected to produce periodic, short-duration flares. Here we study the shapes of self-lensing flares (SLFs) via…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-25 Jordy Davelaar , Zoltán Haiman

Episodically accreting black holes are thought to produce flares when a chunk of particles is accelerated to high velocity near the black hole horizon. This also seems to be the case of Sagittarius A* in the Galactic Center, where the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-17 V. Karas , M. Dovciak , A. Eckart , L. Meyer

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are common in local galactic nuclei, and SMBHs as massive as several billion solar masses already exist at redshift z=6. These earliest SMBHs may arise by the combination of Eddington-limited growth and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Zoltán Haiman

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary systems are unavoidable outcomes of galaxy mergers. Their dynamics encode information about their formation and growth, the composition of their host galactic nuclei, the evolution of galaxies, and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-17 Hanxi Wang , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Bence Kocsis

Several observations suggest the existence of super-massive black holes (SMBH) at the centers of giant galaxies. However the mechanism under which these objects form remains non completely understood. In this work we review an alternative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-04 Ana Avilez-Lopez , Luis Padilla-Albores Luis , Tula Bernal-Marin , Tonatiuh Matos

Binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) systems result from galaxy mergers, and will eventually coalesce due to gravitational wave (GW) emission if the binary separation can be reduced to $\lesssim 0.1$ pc by other mechanisms. Here, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-17 Adam Ingram , Sara Motta , Suzanne Aigrain , Aris Karastergiou

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) found in the centers of many galaxies have been recognized to play a fundamental active role in the cosmological structure formation process. In hierarchical formation scenarios, SMBHs are expected to form…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Pau Amaro-Seoane , Alberto Sesana , Loren Hoffman , Matthew Benacquista , Christoph Eichhorn , Junichiro Makino , Rainer Spurzem

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are found in the centers of massive galaxies, and galaxy mergers should eventually lead to SMBH mergers. Quasar activity has long been associated with galaxy mergers, so here we investigate if supermassive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-16 J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Jenny E. Greene , Andy D. Goulding , Siyuan Chen , Jonathan R. Trump

A variety of host galaxy (bulge) parameters are examined in order to determine their predictive power in ascertaining the masses of the supermassive black holes (SMBH) at the centers of the galaxies. Based on a sample of 23 nearby galaxies,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. C. Aller , D. O. Richstone

The centre of the Milky Way hosts a supermassive black hole of 4 million solar masses called Sagittarius A*. This object has been observed for more than 20 years in the near infrared. This has confirmed some effects of General Relativity.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-02 Aimar Nicolas

Accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) can exhibit variable emission across the electromagnetic spectrum and over a broad range of timescales. The variability of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the ultraviolet and optical is usually at…

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth plausibly occurs via runaway astrophysical black hole mergers in nuclear star clusters that form intermediate mass black hole seeds at high redshifts. Such a model yields an order-of-magnitude higher…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-18 Konstantinos Kritos , Joseph Silk
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