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Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\ldots,\lambda_n$ its eigenvalues. The Estrada index of $G$ is an invariant that is calculated from the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a graph. In this paper, we present…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Juan L. Aguayo , Juan R. Carmona , Jonnathan Rodríguez

The D-eigenvalues {\mu}_1,{\mu}_2,...,{\mu}_{n} of a connected graph G are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix. The distance Estrada index of G is defined in [15] as DEE=DEE(G)=\Sigma_{i=1}^n e^{{\mu}_{i}} In this paper, we give better…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-08 Ş. Burcu Bozkurt , Durmuş Bozkurt

The Estrada index of a graph $G$ is defined as $EE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^ne^{\lambda_i}$, where $\lambda_1,$ $ \lambda_2,\ldots, \lambda_n$ are the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$. In this paper, we characterize the unique bipartite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-23 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Shujing Wang

Let $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\cdots,\lambda_n$ be the eigenvalues of the distance matrix of a connected graph $G$. The distance Estrada index of $G$ is defined as $DEE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^ne^{\lambda_i}$. In this note, we present new lower and upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-06 Yilun Shang

Centrality measures are used in network science to identify the most important vertices for transmission of information and dynamics on a graph. One of these measures, introduced by Estrada and collaborators, is the $\beta$-subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Francesco Ballini , Nikita Deniskin

The largest eigenvalue of a network's adjacency matrix and its associated principal eigenvector are key elements for determining the topological structure and the properties of dynamical processes mediated by it. We present a physically…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-10-31 Claudio Castellano , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras

We perform a detailed statistical study of the distribution of topological and spectral indices on random graphs $G=(V,E)$ in a wide range of connectivity regimes. First, we consider degree-based topological indices (TIs), and focus on two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-23 C. T. Martínez-Martínez , R. Aguilar-Sánchez , J. A. Méndez-Bermúdez

We report our experiments in identifying large bipartite subgraphs of simple connected graphs which are based on the sign pattern of eigenvectors belonging to the extremal eigenvalues of different graph matrices: adjacency, signless…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-06 Debdas Paul , Dragan Stevanovic

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and $\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\ldots,\lambda_n$ its eigenvalues. The Estrada index of $G$ is defined as $EE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^n e^{\lambda_i}.$ In this work, using a different demonstration technique, new lower…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-01 Juan L. Aguayo , Juan R. Carmona , Jonnathan Rodríguez

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$, let $\lambda_1(G),\lambda_2(G),...,\lambda_n(G)$ be the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$. The Esrada index of $G$ is defined as $EE(G)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}e^{\lambda_i(G)}$. In this paper we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Long Wang , Yi-Zheng Fan , Yi Wang

Eigenvectors associated with non-degenerate eigenvalues are shown to correspond to columns of the adjugate of the characteristic matrix. Degenerate eigenvalues are associated with eigenvectors that correspond to reduced complement tensors…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 M. I. Krivoruchenko

Uniform hypergraphs have a natural one-to-one correspondence to tensors. In this paper, we investigate the Estrada index and subgraph centrality of an $m$-uniform hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ via the adjacency tensor. We establish some bounds…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Hong Zhou , Lizhu Sun , Changjiang Bu

We study a Gaussian matrix function of the adjacency matrix of artificial and real-world networks. In particular, we study the Gaussian Estrada index---an index characterizing the importance of eigenvalues close to zero. This index accounts…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-03-08 Ernesto Estrada , Alhanouf Ali Alhomaidhi , Fawzi Al-Thukair

The extreme eigenvalues of adjacency matrices are important indicators on the influences of topological structures to collective dynamical behavior of complex networks. Recent findings on the ensemble averageability of the extreme…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-28 Ning Ning Chung , Lock Yue Chew , Choy Heng Lai

This work presents conjectures about eigenvalues of matrices associated with $k$-path graphs, the algebraic connectivity, defined as the second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix, and the $\alpha$-index, as the largest eigenvalue…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Rafael L. de Paula , Claudia M. Justel , Carla S. Oliveira , Milena S. Carauba

Let $A$ be a fixed complex matrix and let $u,v$ be two vectors. The eigenvalues of matrices $A+\tau uv^\top $ $(\tau\in\mathbb{R})$ form a system of intersecting curves. The dependence of the intersections on the vectors $u,v$ is studied.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-04-05 A. C. M. Ran , M. Wojtylak

This paper deals with adjacency matrices of signed cycle graphs and chemical descriptors based on them. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrices are calculated and their efficacy in classifying different signed cycles is determined.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-18 A. M. Mathai , Thomas Zaslavsky

In this paper we investigate the traces of the adjacency tensor of hypergraphs (simply called the traces of hypergraphs). We give new expressions for the traces of hypertrees and linear unicyclic hypergraphs by the weight function assigned…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Yi-Zheng Fan , Jian Zheng , Ya Yang

Adjacency between two vertices in graphs or hypergraphs is a pairwise relationship. It is redefined in this article as 2-adjacency. In general hypergraphs, hyperedges hold for $n$-adic relationship. To keep the $n$-adic relationship the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Xavier Ouvrard , Jean-Marie Le Goff , Stéphane Marchand-Maillet

Networks are often studied using the eigenvalues of their adjacency matrix, a powerful mathematical tool with a wide range of applications. Since in real systems the exact graph structure is not known, researchers resort to random graphs to…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-30 Pau Vilimelis Aceituno
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