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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a pivotal post-training technique for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, synchronous RL post-training often suffers from significant GPU underutilization, referred…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wei Gao , Yuheng Zhao , Dakai An , Tianyuan Wu , Lunxi Cao , Shaopan Xiong , Ju Huang , Weixun Wang , Siran Yang , Wenbo Su , Jiamang Wang , Lin Qu , Bo Zheng , Wei Wang

Existing inverse reinforcement learning methods (e.g. MaxEntIRL, $f$-IRL) search over candidate reward functions and solve a reinforcement learning problem in the inner loop. This creates a rather strange inversion where a harder problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 David Wu , Sanjiban Choudhury

Synchronous Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-training has emerged as a crucial step for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse capabilities. However, many systems designed to accelerate RL post-training still suffer from low…

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) aims to learn a dynamic model to reduce the number of interactions with real-world environments. However, due to estimation error, rollouts in the learned model, especially those of long horizons,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Yueh-Hua Wu , Ting-Han Fan , Peter J. Ramadge , Hao Su

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an emerging approach to control many dynamical systems for which classical control approaches are not applicable or insufficient. However, the resultant policies may not generalize to variations in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Abdel Gafoor Haddad , Mohammed B. Mohiuddin , Igor Boiko , Yahya Zweiri

Mapping deep neural networks (DNNs) to hardware is critical for optimizing latency, energy consumption, and resource utilization, making it a cornerstone of high-performance accelerator design. Due to the vast and complex mapping space,…

Can large language models (LLMs) directly serve as powerful world models for model-based agents? While the gaps between the prior knowledge of LLMs and the specified environment's dynamics do exist, our study reveals that the gaps can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Siyu Zhou , Tianyi Zhou , Yijun Yang , Guodong Long , Deheng Ye , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

While reinforcement learning (RL) methods that learn an internal model of the environment have the potential to be more sample efficient than their model-free counterparts, learning to model raw observations from high dimensional sensors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Raj Ghugare , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Reinforcement learning (RL) presents a promising framework to learn policies through environment interaction, but often requires an infeasible amount of interaction data to solve complex tasks from sparse rewards. One direction includes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Stone Tao , Arth Shukla , Tse-kai Chan , Hao Su

The Generator-Evaluator (G-E) framework, i.e., evaluating K sequences from a generator and selecting the top-ranked one according to evaluator scores, is a foundational paradigm in tasks such as Recommender Systems (RecSys) and Natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Chao Feng , Yuanhao Pu , Chenghao Zhang , Shanqi Liu , Shuchang Liu , Xiang Li , Yongqi Liu , Lantao Hu , Kaiqiao Zhan , Han Li , Kun Gai

We analyze the efficiency of parallelization and restart mechanisms for stochastic simulations in model-free settings, where the underlying system dynamics are unknown. Such settings are common in Reinforcement Learning (RL) and rare event…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Ernesto Garcia , Paola Bermolen , Matthieu Jonckheere , Seva Shneer

Empowered by deep neural networks, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has demonstrated tremendous empirical successes in various domains, including games, health care, and autonomous driving. Despite these advancements, DRL is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Dayang Liang , Yaru Zhang , Yunlong Liu

We present a novel reinforcement learning (RL) environment designed to both optimize industrial sorting systems and study agent behavior in evolving spaces. In simulating material flow within a sorting process our environment follows the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Tom Maus , Nico Zengeler , Tobias Glasmachers

Ensemble learning is a very prevalent method employed in machine learning. The relative success of ensemble methods is attributed to their ability to tackle a wide range of instances and complex problems that require different low-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Rohan Saphal , Balaraman Ravindran , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Sasikanth Avancha , Bharat Kaul

Applications of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in robotics are often limited by high data demand. On the other hand, approximate models are readily available in many robotics scenarios, making model-based approaches like planning a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ingmar Schubert , Danny Driess , Ozgur S. Oguz , Marc Toussaint

Designing a competent meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) algorithm in terms of data usage remains a central challenge to be tackled for its successful real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a sample-efficient meta-RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jaeuk Shin , Giho Kim , Howon Lee , Joonho Han , Insoon Yang

Meta reinforcement learning (RL) allows agents to leverage experience across a distribution of tasks on which the agent can train at will, enabling faster learning of optimal policies on new test tasks. Despite its success in improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Tingting Ni , Maryam Kamgarpour

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become essential for post-training large language models (LLMs) in reasoning tasks. While scaling rollouts can stabilize training and enhance performance, the computational overhead is a critical issue. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jiahao Wu , Ning Lu , Shengcai Liu , Kun Wang , Yanting Yang , Li Qing , Ke Tang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has enabled advances in humanoid robot locomotion, yet most learning frameworks do not account for mechanical intelligence embedded in parallel actuation mechanisms due to limitations in simulator support for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Yusuke Tanaka , Alvin Zhu , Quanyou Wang , Yeting Liu , Dennis Hong

Multi-robot systems can benefit from reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms that learn behaviours in a small number of trials, a property known as sample efficiency. This research thus investigates the use of learned world models to improve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Daniël Willemsen , Mario Coppola , Guido C. H. E. de Croon