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Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a powerful tool for biomedical studies. It achieves 3D visualization of mesoscopic biological samples with high spatial resolution using conventional tomographic-reconstruction algorithms. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Yan Liu , Jonathan Dong , Thanh-An Pham , Francois Marelli , Michael Unser

The geometric design of structures with optimized physical and chemical properties is one of the core topics in materials science. However, designing new functional materials is challenging due to the vast number of existing and the…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-17 Congcong Cui , Guangfeng Wei , Matthias Saba , Yuanyuan Cao , Lu Han

Faraday tomography offers crucial information on the magnetized astronomical objects, such as quasars, galaxies, or galaxy clusters, by observing its magnetoionic media. The observed linear polarization spectrum is inverse Fourier…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-24 Suchetha Cooray , Tsutomu T. Takeuchi , Takuya Akahori , Yoshimitsu Miyashita , Shinsuke Ideguchi , Keitaro Takahashi , Kiyotomo Ichiki

The recently developed information-theoretic approach to crystallographic symmetry classifications and quantifications in two dimensions (2D) from digital transmission electron and scanning probe microscope images is adapted for the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-10 Peter Moeck , Lukas von Koch

In neutral atom quantum computers, readout and preparation of the atomic qubits are usually based on fluorescence imaging and subsequent analysis of the acquired image. For each atom site, the brightness or some comparable metric is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Jonas Winklmann , Andrea Alberti , Martin Schulz

Statistically sound crystallographic symmetry classifications are obtained with information theory based methods in the presence of approximately Gaussian distributed noise. A set of three synthetic patterns with strong Fedorov type…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-03 Peter Moeck

Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a powerful tool for biomedical studies. It achieves 3D visualization of mesoscopic biological samples with high spatial resolution using conventional tomographic-reconstruction algorithms. However,…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-07 Yan Liu , Jonathan Dong , Thanh-an Pham , François Marelli , Michael Unser

Recent advances in scanning transmission electron and scanning probe microscopies have opened exciting opportunities in probing the materials structural parameters and various functional properties in real space with angstrom-level…

The high-throughput screening of periodic inorganic solids using machine learning methods requires atomic positions to encode structural and compositional details into appropriate material descriptors. These atomic positions are not…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-12-26 Ankit Jain , Thomas Bligaard

There has been an increasing interest in atom probe tomography (APT) to characterise hydrated and biological materials. A major benefit of APT compared to microscopy techniques more commonly used in biology is its combination of outstanding…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-11-13 Florant Exertier , Levi Tegg , Adam Taylor , Julie M. Cairney , Jing Fu , Ross K. W. Marceau

A basic principle in crystal structure determination is that there should be proper distances between adjacent atoms. Therefore, detection of atom bumping is of fundamental significance in structure determination, especially in the direct…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-06 Yu Liu

We have formulated and experimentally demonstrated an improved algorithm for design of arbitrary two-dimensional holographic traps for ultracold atoms. Our method builds on the best previously available algorithm, MRAF, and improves on it…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2012-10-18 Alexander L Gaunt , Zoran Hadzibabic

The increasing use of microfluidics in industrial, biomedical, and clinical applications requires a more and more precise control of the microfluidic flows and suspended particles or cells. This leads to higher demands in three-dimensional…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-11-10 Massimiliano Rossi , Rune Barnkob

Transmission electron diffraction is a powerful and versatile structural probe for the characterization of a broad range of materials, from nanocrystalline thin films to single crystals. With recent developments in fast electron detectors…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-06 Jian-Min Zuo , Renliang Yuan , Yu-Tsun Shao , Haw-Wen Hsiao , Saran Pidaparthy , Yang Hu , Qun Yang , Jiong Zhang

This article presents an automated method to quantify and detect symmetry elements in 2D patterns by means of image processing. Escher's woodcuts, a widely recognized didactic tool for crystallographic education of students, were used to…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-08-22 Paul Plachinda

Image subtraction is essential for transient detection in time-domain astronomy. The point spread function (PSF), photometric scaling, and sky background generally vary with time and across the field-of-view for imaging data taken with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Lei Hu , Lifan Wang , Xingzhuo Chen , Jiawen Yang

Atomic electron tomography (AET) enables the determination of 3D atomic structures by acquiring a sequence of 2D tomographic projection measurements of a particle and then computationally solving for its underlying 3D representation.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Nalini M. Singh , Tiffany Chien , Arthur R. C. McCray , Colin Ophus , Laura Waller

Crystalline materials, with symmetrical and periodic structures, exhibit a wide spectrum of properties and have been widely used in numerous applications across electronics, energy, and beyond. For crystalline materials discovery,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Zhenzhong Wang , Haowei Hua , Wanyu Lin , Ming Yang , Kay Chen Tan

Face recognition is widely employed in Automated Border Control (ABC) gates, which verify the face image on passport or electronic Machine Readable Travel Document (eMTRD) against the captured image to confirm the identity of the passport…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Jag Mohan Singh , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Kiran B. Raja , Christoph Busch

Deep generative models have shown promise for modeling metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), but existing approaches (1) rely on coarse-grained representations that assume fixed bond lengths and angles, and (2) neglect the MOF-adsorbate…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-10 Nayoung Kim , Honghui Kim , Sihyun Yu , Minkyu Kim , Seongsu Kim , Sungsoo Ahn