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The pseudospectrum of a linear time-invariant system is the set in the complex plane consisting of all the roots of the characteristic equation when the system matrices are subjected to all possible perturbations with a given upper bound.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Suat Gumussoy , Wim Michiels

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar systems, owing to their large bandwidth, provide fine range resolution that enables the observation of multiple scatterers originating from a single automotive target, commonly referred to as an extended…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Vinay Kulkarni , V. V. Reddy

We point out an issue with Lemma 8.6 of [1]. This lemma specifies the required sample complexity for recovering the delay-Doppler pairs in radar systems. In this lemma, it is claimed that the required sample complexity is linearly related…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Mohammad Mahdi Kamjoo , Saeed Razavi , Sajad Daei

In this paper, with respect to multichannel synthetic aperture radars (SAR), we first formulate the problems of Doppler ambiguities on the radial velocity (RV) estimation of a ground moving target in range-compressed domain, range-Doppler…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Jia Xu , Zu-Zhen Huang , Zhi-Rui Wang , Li Xiao , Xiang-Gen Xia , Teng Long

This paper presents two approaches for filter design based on stochastic distances for intensity speckle reduction. A window is defined around each pixel, overlapping samples are compared and only those which pass a goodness-of-fit test are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-21 Leonardo Torres , Alejandro C. Frery

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery enables all-weather, day-and-night Earth observation; however, it remains difficult to interpret due to speckle noise and other intrinsic imaging artifacts. Sentinel-1 (S1) constitutes one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Juan Francisco Amieva , Christian Ayala , Roberto Del Prete , Mikel Galar

Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) is an effective tool for detecting a moving target in spaceborne or airborne radar systems. Statistical-based STAP methods generally need sufficient statistically independent and identically distributed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-26 Ke Sun , Hao Zhang , Gang Li , Huadong Meng , Xiqin Wang

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), radar, and beamforming require real-time, high-resolution estimation algorithms to determine delay-Doppler values of specular paths within the wireless propagation channel. Our contribution is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Lorenz Mohr , Michael Döbereiner , Steffen Schieler , Joerg Robert , Christian Schneider , Sebastian Semper , Reiner S. Thomä

Coherent illumination reflected by a remote target may be secondarily scattered by intermediate objects or materials. Here we show that phase retrieval on remotely observed images of such scattered fields enables imaging of the illuminated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-24 Qian Huang , Zhipeng Dong , Yuzuru Takashima , Timothy J. Schulz , David J. Brady

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are inherently corrupted by speckle noise, limiting their utility in high-precision applications. While deep learning methods have shown promise in SAR despeckling, most methods employ a single unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ziqing Ma , Chang Yang , Zhichang Guo , Yao Li

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides valuable information about the Earth's surface under all weather and illumination conditions. However, the inherent phenomenon of speckle and the presence of sidelobes around bright targets pose…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Antoine De Paepe , Pascal Nguyen , Michael Mabelle , Cédric Saleun , Antoine Jouadé , Jean-Christophe Louvigne

In this paper, we present strip-map mode spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging with the focus on Doppler centroid frequency estimation. The non-zero Doppler centroid frequency is the result of non-zero squint angle which if it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Shahrokh Hamidi

Recent studies have utilized deep learning (DL) techniques to automatically extract features from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, which shows great promise for enhancing the performance of SAR automatic target recognition (ATR).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Hongwei Dong , Fangzhou Han , Lingyu Si , Wenwen Qiang , Lamei Zhang

Speckle suppression in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is a key processing step which continues to be a research topic. A wide variety of methods, using either spatially-based approaches or transform-based strategies, have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Alejandro Mestre-Quereda , Juan M. Lopez-Sanchez

In this paper, the general radar measurement probfilems of determining range, Doppler frequency and scatteringproperties parameters are investigated from the viewpoint of Shannons information theory. We adopt the mutual information to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-02 Chao Shi , Dazhuan Xu , Ying Zhou , Weilin Tu

An algorithm based on compressive sensing (CS) is proposed for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging of moving targets. The received SAR echo is decomposed into the sum of basis sub-signals, which are generated by discretizing the target…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-04-07 Jun Wang , Gang Li , Hao Zhang , Xiqin Wang

Deep learning (DL) has proven to be a suitable approach for despeckling synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. So far, most DL models are trained to reduce speckle that follows a particular distribution, either using simulated noise or a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-15 Adugna G. Mullissa , Diego Marcos , Devis Tuia , Martin Herold , Johannes Reiche

When light travels through scattering media, speckles (spatially random distribution of fluctuated intensities) are formed due to the interference of light travelling along different optical paths, preventing the perception of structure,…

Optics · Physics 2020-06-15 Honglin Liu , Xin Wang , Puxiang Lai , Zhentao Liu , Jianhong Shi , Shensheng Han

The Rayleigh regression model was recently proposed for modeling amplitude values of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image pixels. However, inferences from such model are based on the maximum likelihood estimators, which can be biased for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-09 B. G. Palm , F. M. Bayer , R. J. Cintra

Doppler reflectometry spatial and wavenumber resolution is analyzed within the framework of the linear Born approximation in slab plasma model. Explicit expression for its signal backscattering spectrum is obtained in terms of wavenumber…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Surkov , Evgeniy Gusakov