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We show how to build several data structures of central importance to string processing, taking as input the Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) and using small extra working space. Let $n$ be the text length and $\sigma$ be the alphabet size.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Nicola Prezza , Giovanna Rosone

Indexing of very large collections of strings such as those produced by the widespread sequencing technologies, heavily relies on multi-string generalizations of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT), and for this problem various in-memory…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-29 Paola Bonizzoni , Gianluca Della Vedova , Serena Nicosia , Marco Previtali , Raffaella Rizzi

The longest common prefix array is a very advantageous data structure that, combined with the suffix array and the Burrows-Wheeler transform, allows to efficiently compute some combinatorial properties of a string useful in several…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Anthony J. Cox , Fabio Garofalo , Giovanna Rosone , Marinella Sciortino

We propose algorithms that, given the input string of length $n$ over integer alphabet of size $\sigma$, construct the Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT), the permuted longest-common-prefix (PLCP) array, and the LZ77 parsing in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Dominik Kempa

Indexing very large collections of strings, such as those produced by the widespread next generation sequencing technologies, heavily relies on multistring generalization of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT): large requirements of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Paola Bonizzoni , Gianluca Della Vedova , Yuri Pirola , Marco Previtali , Raffaella Rizzi

We show that the compressed suffix array and the compressed suffix tree for a string of length $n$ over an integer alphabet of size $\sigma\leq n$ can both be built in $O(n)$ (randomized) time using only $O(n\log\sigma)$ bits of working…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Djamal Belazzougui

The k-spectrum of a string is the set of all distinct substrings of length k occurring in the string. K-spectra have many applications in bioinformatics including pseudoalignment and genome assembly. The Spectral Burrows-Wheeler Transform…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Jarno N. Alanko , Elena Biagi , Simon J. Puglisi

In this article we extend the elegant in-place Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) algorithm proposed by Crochemore et al. (Crochemore et al., 2015). Our extension is twofold: we first show how to compute simultaneously the longest common…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Felipe A. Louza , Travis Gagie , Guilherme P. Telles

We first review how we can store a run-length compressed suffix array (RLCSA) for a text $T$ of length $n$ over an alphabet of size $\sigma$ whose Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) consists of $r$ runs in $O \left( \rule{0ex}{2ex} r \log (n /…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Nathaniel K. Brown , Travis Gagie , Giovanni Manzini , Gonzalo Navarro , Marinella Sciortino

The longest common prefix (LCP) array is a versatile auxiliary data structure in indexed string matching. It can be used to speed up searching using the suffix array (SA) and provides an implicit representation of the topology of an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-09 German Tischler

Indexing highly repetitive texts - such as genomic databases, software repositories and versioned text collections - has become an important problem since the turn of the millennium. A relevant compressibility measure for repetitive texts…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Travis Gagie , Gonzalo Navarro , Nicola Prezza

The Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) has been an essential tool in text compression and indexing. First introduced in 1994, it went on to provide the backbone for the first encoding of the classic suffix tree data structure in space close to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Jason Bentley , Daniel Gibney , Sharma V. Thankachan

Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) is an invertible text transformation that, given a text $T$ of length $n$, permutes its symbols according to the lexicographic order of suffixes of $T$. BWT is one of the most heavily studied algorithms in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

Detecting all the strings that occur in a text more frequently or less frequently than expected according to an IID or a Markov model is a basic problem in string mining, yet current algorithms are based on data structures that are either…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Djamal Belazzougui , Fabio Cunial

The Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is a string transformation technique widely used in areas such as bioinformatics and file compression. Many applications combine a run-length encoding (RLE) with the BWT in a way which preserves the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Lily Major , Amanda Clare , Jacqueline W. Daykin , Benjamin Mora , Christine Zarges

We present a new semi-external algorithm that builds the Burrows--Wheeler transform variant of Bauer et al. (a.k.a., BCR BWT) in linear expected time. Our method uses compression techniques to reduce computational costs when the input is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Diego Díaz-Domínguez , Gonzalo Navarro

Recently, Holt and McMillan [Bionformatics 2014, ACM-BCB 2014] have proposed a simple and elegant algorithm to merge the Burrows-Wheeler transforms of a family of strings. In this paper we show that the H&M algorithm can be improved so…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Giovanni Manzini

The Burrows Wheeler transform has applications in data compression as well as full text indexing. Despite its important applications and various existing algorithmic approaches the construction of the transform for large data sets is still…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-25 German Tischler

The Lempel-Ziv factorization (LZ77) and the Run-Length encoded Burrows-Wheeler Transform (RLBWT) are two important tools in text compression and indexing, being their sizes $z$ and $r$ closely related to the amount of text…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Alberto Policriti , Nicola Prezza

We propose an external memory algorithm for the computation of the BWT and LCP array for a collection of sequences. Our algorithm takes the amount of available memory as an input parameter, and tries to make the best use of it by splitting…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Lavinia Egidi , Felipe A. Louza , Giovanni Manzini , Guilherme P. Telles
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