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The unified 3D phase-field model for the description of the lithium-ion cell as a whole is developed. The model takes into account the realistic distribution of particles in porous electrodes, percolative transport of ions, and the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-05-11 Pavel E. L'vov , Mikhail Yu. Tikhonchev , Renat T. Sibatov

Accurate estimation of battery state of health is crucial for effective electric vehicle battery management. Here, we propose five health indicators that can be extracted online from real-world electric vehicle operation and develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Andrea Lanubile , Pietro Bosoni , Gabriele Pozzato , Anirudh Allam , Matteo Acquarone , Simona Onori

We study the optimal control of battery energy storage under a general "pay-for-performance" setup such as providing frequency regulation and renewable integration. In these settings, batteries need to carefully balance the trade-off…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-07-31 Yuanyuan Shi , Bolun Xu , Yushi Tan , Daniel Kirschen , Baosen Zhang

Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries has gained extensive research interests, but most of existing methods are either based on simple rule-based charging profiles or require explicit battery models that are non-trivial to identify…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Kaixiang Zhang , Kaian Chen , Xinfan Lin , Yusheng Zheng , Xunyun Yin , Xiaosong Hu , Ziyou Song , Zhaojian Li

This work presents a comparative study of optimization techniques for parameter identification in equivalent electrical models of lithium-ion batteries. The 2RC model is applied to a set of twelve batteries using four publicly available…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Johan Sebastian Suarez Sepúlveda , Edgar Hernando Sepúlveda-Oviedo , Bruno Jammes , Corinne Alonso

Renewable energy is critical for combating climate change, whose first step is the storage of electricity generated from renewable energy sources. Li-ion batteries are a popular kind of storage units. Their continuous usage through…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-05 Youngjin Cho , Quyen Do , Pang Du , Yili Hong

The most commonly used model for battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in optimal BESS allocation problems is a constant-efficiency model. However, the charging and discharging efficiencies of BESSs vary non-linearly as functions of their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Malhar Padhee , Anamitra Pal , Chetan Mishra , Sachin Soni

Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly being deployed in liberalised electricity systems, where their use is driven by economic optimisation in a specific market context. However, battery degradation depends strongly on operational profile,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-15 Jorn M. Reniers , Grietus Mulder , David A. Howey

We reformulate and extend porous electrode theory for non-ideal active materials, including those capable of phase transformations. Using principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, we relate the cell voltage, ionic fluxes, and Faradaic…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2012-08-24 Todd R. Ferguson , Martin Z. Bazant

As global energy demands escalate, and the use of non-renewable resources become untenable, renewable resources and electric vehicles require far better batteries to stabilize the new energy landscape. To maximize battery performance and…

To optimize the dispatch of batteries, a model is required that can predict the state of energy (SOE) trajectory for a chosen open-loop power schedule to ensure admissibility (i.e., that schedule can be realized). However, battery dispatch…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-18 Mazen Elsaadany , Mads R. Almassalkhi , Simon H. Tindemans

Lithium-ion batteries exhibit nonlinear voltage dynamics across varying operating conditions and aging states, making accurate modeling essential for estimation, control, and health monitoring. This work compares two data-driven frameworks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Khalid Mahmud Labib , Inayat Rasool , Shabbir Ahmed

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have found wide applications in a variety of fields such as electrified transportation, stationary storage and portable electronics devices. A battery management system (BMS) is critical to ensure the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-02 Yiming Xu , Xiaohua Ge , Ruohan Guo , Weixiang Shen

In this letter, we model the day-ahead price-based demand response of a residential household with battery energy storage and other controllable loads, as a convex optimization problem. Further using duality theory and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-14 Amit Joshi , Hamed Kebriaei , Valerio Mariani , Luigi Glielmo

Predicting lithium-ion battery lifetime is one of the greatest unsolved problems in battery research right now. Recent years have witnessed a surge in lifetime prediction papers using physics-based, empirical, or data-driven models, most of…

This paper proposes a new equivalent circuit model for rechargeable batteries by modifying a double-capacitor model proposed in [1]. It is known that the original model can address the rate capacity effect and energy recovery effect…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Ning Tian , Huazhen Fang , Jian Chen , Yebin Wang

The rapidly growing use of lithium-ion batteries across various industries highlights the pressing issue of optimal charging control, as charging plays a crucial role in the health, safety and life of batteries. The literature increasingly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-30 Ning Tian , Huazhen Fang , Yebin Wang

This paper presents an integrated control strategy for optimal fast charging and active thermal management of Lithium-ion batteries in extreme ambient temperatures, striking a balance between charging speed and battery health. A…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Zehui Lu , Hao Tu , Huazhen Fang , Yebin Wang , Shaoshuai Mou

This article presents a novel empirical study for the estimation of the State of Charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery which uses a deep learning model with three hidden layers. We model a series of ten vehicle drive cycles that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-20 Alexandre Barbosa de Lima , Maurício B. C. Salles , José Roberto Cardoso

The microgrid concept offers high flexibility and resilience due to the possibility of switching between grid-connected and stand-alone operation. This renders microgrids an auspicious solution for rural areas and critical infrastructure.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 E. D. Gomez Anccas , C. A. Hans , D. Schulz