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It is known that a better than $2$-approximation algorithm for the girth in dense directed unweighted graphs needs $n^{3-o(1)}$ time unless one uses fast matrix multiplication. Meanwhile, the best known approximation factor for a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Mina Dalirrooyfard , Virginia Vassilevska Williams

The \emph{maximal $k$-edge-connected subgraphs} problem is a classical graph clustering problem studied since the 70's. Surprisingly, no non-trivial technique for this problem in weighted graphs is known: a very straightforward…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Chaitanya Nalam , Thatchaphol Saranurak

Maintaining and updating shortest paths information in a graph is a fundamental problem with many applications. As computations on dense graphs can be prohibitively expensive, and it is preferable to perform the computations on a sparse…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Thiago Bergamaschi , Monika Henzinger , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Nicole Wein

We present improved algorithms for short cycle decomposition of a graph. Short cycle decompositions were introduced in the recent work of Chu et al, and were used to make progress on several questions in graph sparsification. For all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Yang P. Liu , Sushant Sachdeva , Zejun Yu

In their breakthrough ICALP'15 paper, Bernstein and Stein presented an algorithm for maintaining a $(3/2+\epsilon)$-approximate maximum matching in fully dynamic {\em bipartite} graphs with a {\em worst-case} update time of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Fabrizio Grandoni , Chris Schwiegelshohn , Shay Solomon , Amitai Uzrad

We present faster algorithms for computing the 2-edge and 2-vertex strongly connected components of a directed graph, which are straightforward generalizations of strongly connected components. While in undirected graphs the 2-edge and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Monika Henzinger , Sebastian Krinninger , Veronika Loitzenbauer

The future of main memory appears to lie in the direction of new technologies that provide strong capacity-to-performance ratios, but have write operations that are much more expensive than reads in terms of latency, bandwidth, and energy.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Naama Ben-David , Guy E. Blelloch , Jeremy T. Fineman , Phillip B. Gibbons , Yan Gu , Charles McGuffey , Julian Shun

We develop a framework for graph sparsification and sketching, based on a new tool, short cycle decomposition -- a decomposition of an unweighted graph into an edge-disjoint collection of short cycles, plus few extra edges. A simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Timothy Chu , Yu Gao , Richard Peng , Sushant Sachdeva , Saurabh Sawlani , Junxing Wang

Expander graphs are known to be robust to edge deletions in the following sense: for any online sequence of edge deletions $e_1, e_2, \ldots, e_k$ to an $m$-edge graph $G$ that is initially a $\phi$-expander, the algorithm can grow a set $P…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg , Thatchaphol Saranurak

We study dynamic $(1-\epsilon)$-approximate rounding of fractional matchings -- a key ingredient in numerous breakthroughs in the dynamic graph algorithms literature. Our first contribution is a surprisingly simple deterministic rounding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Sayan Bhattacharya , Peter Kiss , Aaron Sidford , David Wajc

A $t$-spanner of an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G$ is a sparse subgraph $H$ of $G$ that preserves all pairwise distances between its vertices to within multiplicative factor $t$, also called the \emph{stretch}. We investigate the problem…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Julia Chuzhoy , Merav Parter

We give an $\tilde{O}(n^{7/5} \log (nC))$-time algorithm to compute a minimum-cost maximum cardinality matching (optimal matching) in $K_h$-minor free graphs with $h=O(1)$ and integer edge weights having magnitude at most $C$. This improves…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Nathaniel Lahn , Sharath Raghvendra

In the dynamic Single-Source Shortest Paths (SSSP) problem, we are given a graph $G=(V,E)$ subject to edge insertions and deletions and a source vertex $s\in V$, and the goal is to maintain the distance $d(s,t)$ for all $t\in V$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Maximilian Probst Gutenberg , Virginia Vassilevska Williams , Nicole Wein

In this paper we provide a parallel algorithm that given any $n$-node $m$-edge directed graph and source vertex $s$ computes all vertices reachable from $s$ with $\tilde{O}(m)$ work and $n^{1/2 + o(1)}$ depth with high probability in $n$ .…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Arun Jambulapati , Yang P. Liu , Aaron Sidford

We present a Las Vegas algorithm for dynamically maintaining a minimum spanning forest of an $n$-node graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions. Our algorithm guarantees an $O(n^{o(1)})$ worst-case update time with high probability.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-16 Danupon Nanongkai , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

Classic dynamic data structure problems maintain a data structure subject to a sequence S of updates and they answer queries using the latest version of the data structure, i.e., the data structure after processing the whole sequence. To…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Monika Henzinger , Xiaowei Wu

In this paper, we consider the question of computing sparse subgraphs for any input directed graph $G=(V,E)$ on $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, that preserves reachability and/or strong connectivity structures. We show $O(n+\min\{|{\cal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Diptarka Chakraborty , Keerti Choudhary

Recently [Bhattacharya et al., STOC 2015] provide the first non-trivial algorithm for the densest subgraph problem in the streaming model with additions and deletions to its edges, i.e., for dynamic graph streams. They present a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Hossein Esfandiari , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , David P. Woodruff

We give the first almost-linear total time algorithm for deciding if a flow of cost at most $F$ still exists in a directed graph, with edge costs and capacities, undergoing decremental updates, i.e., edge deletions, capacity decreases, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jan van den Brand , Li Chen , Rasmus Kyng , Yang P. Liu , Simon Meierhans , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg , Sushant Sachdeva

We study subgraph counting over fully dynamic graphs, which undergo edge insertions and deletions. Counting subgraphs is a fundamental problem in graph theory with numerous applications across various fields, including database theory,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Sepehr Assadi , Vihan Shah