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The tradeoff relation between speed and cost is a central issue in designing fast and efficient information processing devices. We derive an achievable bound on thermodynamic cost for obtaining information through finite-time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-16 Rihito Nagase , Takahiro Sagawa

A central task in finite-time thermodynamics is to minimize the excess or dissipated work $W_{\rm diss}$ when manipulating the state of a system immersed in a thermal bath. We consider this task for an $N$-body system whose constituents are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Alberto Rolandi , Paolo Abiuso , Martí Perarnau-Llobet

Surface codes are among the best candidates to ensure the fault-tolerance of a quantum computer. In order to avoid the accumulation of errors during a computation, it is crucial to have at our disposal a fast decoding algorithm to quickly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Nicolas Delfosse , Gilles Zémor

While Landauer's Principle sets a lower bound for the work required for a computation, that work is recoverable for efficient computations. However, practical physical computers, such as modern digital computers or biochemical systems, are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-27 Alexander B. Boyd , Paul M. Riechers , Gregory W. Wimsatt , James P. Crutchfield , Mile Gu

We demonstrate an information erasure protocol that resets $N$ qubits at once. The method displays exceptional performances in terms of energy cost (it operates nearly at Landauer energy cost $kT \ln 2$), time duration ($\sim \mu s$) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Lorenzo Buffoni , Michele Campisi

The problem of recovering from qubit erasures has recently gained attention as erasures occur in many physical systems such as photonic systems, trapped ions, superconducting qubits and circuit quantum electrodynamics. While several…

We investigate the precision limits and optimal protocols for sensing single qubit signals in the presence of erasure noise. We study a hierarchy of precision limits achievable with metrological strategies of differing complexity, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Michal Arieli , Alex Retzker , Tuvia Gefen

It is widely accepted that information erasure entails heat dissipation. Here we analyze asymmetric memory states to show that this energy cost can be shuffled around to any step in a write-erase cycle and need not accompany the logically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Maissam Barkeshli

Neural-network decoders can achieve a lower logical error rate compared to conventional decoders, like minimum-weight perfect matching, when decoding the surface code. Furthermore, these decoders require no prior information about the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Boris M. Varbanov , Marc Serra-Peralta , David Byfield , Barbara M. Terhal

Quantum error correction promises a viable path to fault-tolerant computations, enabling exponential error suppression when the device's error rates remain below the protocol's threshold. This threshold, however, strongly depends on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Maurice D. Hanisch , Bence Hetényi , James R. Wootton

We show that information in quantum memory can be erased and recovered perfectly if it is necessary. That the final states of environment are completely determined by the initial states of the system allows that an easure operation can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Qing-Yu Cai

Irreversible information processing cannot be carried out without some inevitable thermodynamical work cost. This fundamental restriction, known as Landauer's principle, is increasingly relevant today, as the energy dissipation of computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-08 Philippe Faist , Frédéric Dupuis , Jonathan Oppenheim , Renato Renner

Landauer's limit on heat dissipation during information erasure is critical as devices shrink, requiring optimal pure-state preparation to minimise errors. However, Nernst's third law states this demands infinite resources in energy, time,…

We study the application of polar codes in deletion channels by analyzing the cascade of a binary erasure channel (BEC) and a deletion channel. We show how polar codes can be used effectively on a BEC with a single deletion, and propose a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-10 Eldho K. Thomas , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Alexander Vardy , Mehul Motani

We prove that statistical information theoretic quantities, such as information entropy, cannot generally be interrelated with the lower limit of energy dissipation during information erasure. We also point out that, in deterministic and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Laszlo B. Kish , Claes-G. Granqvist , Sunil P. Khatri , Ferdinand Peper

We address the issue of minimizing the heat generated when erasing the information stored in an array of quantum dots in finite time. We identify the fundamental limitations and trade-offs involved in this process and analyze how a feedback…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-02-01 Giovanni Diana , G. Baris Bagci , Massimiliano Esposito

We consider the technologically relevant costs of operating a reliable bit that can be erased rapidly. We find that both erasing and reliability times are non-monotonic in the underlying friction, leading to a trade-off between erasing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-21 Abhishek Deshpande , Manoj Gopalkrishnan , Thomas E. Ouldridge , Nick S. Jones

We present implementations of two physically-embedded computation-universal logical operations using a 2-bit logical unit composed of coupled quantum flux parametrons -- Josephson-junction superconducting circuits. To illustrate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-10 Kuen Wai Tang , Kyle J. Ray , James P. Crutchfield

Interest in the thermodynamics of computation has revived in recent years, driven by developments in science, economics and technology. Given the consequences of the growing demand for computational power, the idea of reducing the energy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-31 Thomas E Ouldridge , Rory A. Brittain , Pieter Rein ten Wolde

In 1961, R. Landauer proposed the principle that logical irreversibility is associated with physical irreversibility and further theorized that the erasure of information is fundamentally a dissipative process. Landauer posited that a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 J. Hong , B. Lambson , S. Dhuey , J. Bokor