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We present the winning strategy for the EVA2025 Data Challenge, which aimed to estimate the probability of extreme precipitation events. These events occurred at most once in the dataset making the challenge fundamentally one of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-29 Joseph de Vilmarest , Olivier Wintenberger

Projections of extreme sea levels (ESLs) are critical for managing coastal risks, but are made complicated by deep uncertainties. One key uncertainty is the choice of model structure used to estimate coastal hazards. Differences in model…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-06-15 Tony E. Wong , Travis Torline , Mingxuan Zhang

This paper investigates the use of extreme value theory for modelling the distribution of demand-net-of-wind for capacity adequacy assessment. Extreme value theory approaches are well-established and mathematically justified methods for…

Applications · Statistics 2019-07-31 Amy L Wilson , Stan Zachary

The extreme values theory presents specific tools for modeling and predicting extreme phenomena. In particular, risk assessment is often analyzed through measures for tail dependence and high values clustering. Despite technological…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Helena Ferreira , Marta Ferreira

We investigate the predictability of extreme events in time series. The focus of this work is to understand under which circumstances large events are better predictable than smaller events. Therefore we use a simple prediction algorithm…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-01-30 S. Hallerberg , H. Kantz

When extreme weather events affect large areas, their regional to sub-continental spatial scale is important for their impacts. We propose a novel machine learning (ML) framework that integrates spatial extreme-value theory to model weather…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-29 Jonathan Koh , Daniel Steinfeld , Olivia Martius

Statistical extreme value theory is concerned with the use of asymptotically motivated models to describe the extreme values of a process. A number of commonly used models are valid for observed data that exceed some high threshold.…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-10 J. Lee , Y. Fan , S. A. Sisson

In a classical optimal stopping problem the aim is to maximize the expected value of a functional of a diffusion evaluated at a stopping time. This note considers optimal stopping problems beyond this paradigm. We study problems in which…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Vicky Henderson , David Hobson , Matthew Zeng

Risk assessment for extreme events requires accurate estimation of high quantiles that go beyond the range of historical observations. When the risk depends on the values of observed predictors, regression techniques are used to interpolate…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Olivier C. Pasche , Sebastian Engelke

Floods are one of nature's most catastrophic calamities which cause irreversible and immense damage to human life, agriculture, infrastructure and socio-economic system. Several studies on flood catastrophe management and flood forecasting…

In the present paper we demonstrate the results of a statistical analysis of some characteristics of precipitation events and propose a kind of a theoretical explanation of the proposed models in terms of mixed Poisson and mixed exponential…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-28 V. Yu. Korolev , A. K. Gorshenin , S. K. Gulev , K. P. Belyaev , A. A. Grusho

This study investigates, by means of numerical simulations, extreme mechanical force exerted by a turbulent flow impinging on a bluff body, and examines the relevance of two distinct rare-event algorithms to efficiently sample these events.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Thibault Lestang , Freddy Bouchet , Emmanuel Lévêque

Many random phenomena, including life-testing and environmental data, show positive values and excess zeros, which pose modeling challenges. In life testing, immediate failures result in zero lifetimes, often due to defects or poor quality,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Shivshankar Nila , Ishapathik Das , N. Balakrishna

Extreme value analysis for time series is often based on the block maxima method, in particular for environmental applications. In the classical univariate case, the latter is based on fitting an extreme-value distribution to the sample of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Axel Bücher , Erik Haufs

We develop methods, based on extreme value theory, for analysing observations in the tails of longitudinal data, i.e., a data set consisting of a large number of short time series, which are typically irregularly and non-simultaneously…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-10 Jess Spearing , Jonathan Tawn , David Irons , Tim Paulden

As part of global climate change an accelerated hydrologic cycle (including an increase in heavy precipitation) is anticipated. So, it is of great importance to be able to quantify high-impact hydrologic relationships, for example, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-07 C. Fonseca , H. Ferreira , L. Pereira A. P. , Martins

The climate change dispute is about changes over time of environmental characteristics (such as rainfall). Some people say that a possible change is not so much in the mean but rather in the extreme phenomena (that is, the average rainfall…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Laurens de Haan , Albert Klein Tank , Cláudia Neves

In emergency egress crowd behavior critically affects egress efficiency and public safety. By integrating psychological principles to Newtonian motion of crowd, a fluid-based equation is derived in this paper to explore how energy in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-08 Peng N. Wang , Peter B. Luh

Fluvial floods drive severe risk to riverine communities. There is a strong evidence of increasing flood hazards in many regions around the world. The choice of methods and assumptions used in flood hazard estimates can impact the design of…

Climate change is causing the intensification of rainfall extremes. Precipitation projections with high spatial resolution are important for society to prepare for these changes, e.g. to model flooding impacts. Physics-based simulations for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Henry Addison , Elizabeth Kendon , Suman Ravuri , Laurence Aitchison , Peter AG Watson