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The boundary of solar system object discovery lies in detecting its faintest members. However, their discovery in detection catalogs from imaging surveys is fundamentally limited by the practice of thresholding detections at signal-to-noise…

We describe the development of a system for an automated, iterative, real-time classification of transient events discovered in synoptic sky surveys. The system under development incorporates a number of Machine Learning techniques, mostly…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-10-24 S. G. Djorgovski , C. Donalek , A. Mahabal , B. Moghaddam , M. Turmon , M. Graham , A. Drake , N. Sharma , Y. Chen

We present a comprehensive analysis of the digest2 parameters for candidates of the Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page (NEOCP) that were reported between 2019 and 2024. Our study proposes methods for significantly reducing the inclusion of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-20 Peter Vereš , Richard Cloete , Matthew J. Payne , Abraham Loeb

The Near-Earth Object Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) mission continues to detect, track, and characterize minor planets. We present diameters and albedos calculated from observations taken during the second year since the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 C. R. Nugent , A. Mainzer , J. Bauer , R. M. Cutri , E. A. Kramer , T. Grav , J. Masiero , S. Sonnett , E. L. Wright

The Panoramic Survey Telescope And Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) under development at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy is creating the first fully automated end-to-end Moving Object Processing System (MOPS) in the…

Despite extensive searches and the relative proximity of solar system objects (SSOS) to Earth, many remain undiscovered and there is still much to learn about their properties and interactions. This work is the first in a series dedicated…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-24 Katie M. Fasbender , David L. Nidever

Using albedos from WISE/NEOWISE to separate distinct albedo groups within the Main Belt asteroids, we apply the Hierarchical Clustering Method to these subpopulations and identify dynamically associated clusters of asteroids. While this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Joseph R. Masiero , A. K. Mainzer , J. M. Bauer , T. Grav , C. R. Nugent , R. Stevenson

Wide-field surveys have markedly enhanced the discovery and study of solar system objects (SSOs). The 2.5-meter Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) represents the foremost facility dedicated to optical time-domain surveys in the northern…

The world astronomical image archives represent huge opportunities to time-domain astronomy sciences and other hot topics such as space defense, and astronomical observatories should improve this wealth and make it more accessible in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-18 Ovidiu Vaduvescu , Lucian Curelaru , Marcel Popescu

Existing and planned optical telescopes and surveys can detect artificially-illuminated objects comparable in total brightness to a major terrestrial city out to the outskirts of the Solar System. Orbital parameters of Kuiper belt objects…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Abraham Loeb , Edwin L. Turner

Deflecting an asteroid from an Earth impact trajectory requires only small velocity changes, typically of the order of microns per second, if done many years ahead of time. For this, a highly precise method of determining the need,…

Space Physics · Physics 2008-09-17 Bernhard W. Adams

The recently postulated existence of a giant ninth planet in our solar system has sparked search efforts for distant solar system objects (SSOs) both via new observations and archival data analysis. Due to the likely faintness of the object…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-05 V. Perdelwitz , M. Völschow , H. M. Müller

We use seven year's worth of observations from the Catalina Sky Survey and the Siding Spring Survey covering most of the northern and southern hemisphere at galactic latitudes higher than 20 degrees to search for serendipitously imaged…

Gaia is an astrometric mission that will be launched in spring 2013. There are many scientific outcomes from this mission and as far as our Solar System is concerned, the satellite will be able to map thousands of main belt asteroids (MBAs)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 D. Bancelin , D. Hestroffer , W. Thuillot

Using a fully autonomous spacecraft - Bering - we propose to detect and study sub-km asteroids from an orbit within the asteroid Main Belt. The main purpose of the proposed Bering mission is to detect a statistically significant sample of…

The near-earth object camera (NEOCam) is a proposed infrared space mission designed to discover and characterize most of the potentially hazardous asteroids larger than 140 m in diameter that orbit near the Earth. NASA has funded technology…

Missions to near-Earth objects (NEOs) are key destinations in NASA's new "Flexible Path" approach. NEOs are also of interest for science, for the hazards they pose, and for their resources. We emphasize the importance of ultra-low delta-v…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-16 Martin Elvis , Jonathan McDowell , Jeffrey A. Hoffman , Richard P. Binzel

Laser ablation of a Near-Earth Object (NEO) on a collision course with Earth produces a cloud of ejecta which exerts a thrust on the NEO, deflecting it from its original trajectory. Ablation may be performed from afar by illuminating an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-15 Qicheng Zhang , Kevin J. Walsh , Carl Melis , Gary B. Hughes , Philip M. Lubin

Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) that orbit the Sun on or within Earth's orbit are tricky to detect for Earth-based observers due to their proximity to the Sun in the sky. These small bodies hold clues to the dynamical history of the inner solar…

A few percent of all stars are variable, yet over 90% of variables brighter than 12 magnitude have not been discovered yet. There is a need for an all sky search and for the early detection of any unexpected events: optical flashes from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Bohdan Paczynski