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Recent interferometric surveys of nearby main-sequence stars show a faint but significant near-infrared excess in roughly two dozen systems, i.$\,$e. around $10\,\%$ to $30\,\%$ of stars surveyed. This excess is attributed to dust located…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-01 Florian Kirchschlager , Sebastian Wolf , Alexander V. Krivov , Harald Mutschke , Robert Brunngräber

We model the polarized thermal dust emission from protostellar cores that are assembled by super-sonic turbulent flows in molecular clouds. Self-gravitating cores are selected from a three dimensional simulation of super-sonic and…

We aim to constrain the dust mass and grain sizes in the interaction regions between the stellar winds and the ISM around asymptotic giant branch stars. By describing the dust in these regions, we aim to shed light on the role of low mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-21 M. Maercker , T. Khouri , M. Mecina , E. De Beck

We present observations of 1.2-mm dust continuum emission, made with the Swedish ESO Submillimeter Telescope, towards eighteen luminous IRAS point sources, all with colors typical of compact HII regions and associated with CS(2-1) emission,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Guido Garay , Diego Mardones , Kate J. Brooks , Liza Videla , Yanett Contreras

The dust in protoplanetary disks is influenced by a lot of different processes. Besides others, heating processes are the most important ones: they change not only the physical and chemical properties of dust particles, but also their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Simon Zeidler , Harald Mutschke

Dust grains are important in various astrophysical processes and serve as indicators of interstellar medium structures, density, and mass. Understanding their physical properties and chemical composition is crucial in astrophysics. Dust…

We have explored the capabilities of dust extinction and $\gamma$ rays to probe the properties of the interstellar medium in the nearby anti-centre region. We have jointly modelled the $\gamma$-ray intensity and the stellar reddening,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-22 Q. Remy , I. A. Grenier , D. J. Marshall , J. M. Casandjian

Thermal dust continuum polarimetry is a powerful indirect probe of magnetic field geometry in dense molecular clouds while at the same time providing information on the alignment of dust grains with the magnetic field. The leading theory of…

Scattered light imaging of protoplanetary disks provides key insights on the geometry and dust properties in the disk surface. Here we present JWST 2--21\,$\mu$m images of a 1000\,au-radius edge-on protoplanetary disk surrounding an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-14 G. Duchene , F. Menard , K. Stapelfeldt , M. Villenave , S. G. Wolff , M. D. Perrin , C. Pinte , R. Tazaki , D. L. Padgett

Photodissociation regions (PDRs) are parts of the ISM consisting of predominantly neutral gas, located at the interface between H II regions and molecular clouds. The physical conditions within these regions show variations on very short…

Cosmic dust models are key ingredients in advancing our understanding of astronomical environments as diverse as interstellar clouds in galaxies, circumstellar envelopes around evolved and young stars, and protoplanetary disks. Such models…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-11-02 K. Demyk , V. Gromov , C. Meny , N. Ysard , D. Paradis , A. P. Jones , D. Petitprez , P. Hubert , H. Leroux , C. Nayral , F. Delpech

We use the COMPLETE Survey's observations of the Perseus star-forming region to assess and intercompare three methods for measuring column density in molecular clouds: extinction mapping (NIR); thermal emission mapping (FIR); and mapping…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Alyssa A. Goodman , Jaime E. Pineda , Scott L. Schnee

Using the Planck far-infrared and Arecibo GALFA 21-cm line surveys, we identified a set of isolated interstellar clouds (approximately degree-sized on the sky and comprising 100 solar masses) and assessed the ratio of gas mass to dust mass.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-10-07 William T. Reach , Carl Heiles , Jean-Philippe Bernard

Investigating the dust grain size and its dependence on substructures in protoplanetary disks is a crucial step in understanding the initial process of planet formation. Spectral indices derived from millimeter observations are used as a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-08 Dafa Li , Yao Liu , Hongchi Wang , Min Fang , Lei Wang

Dust properties appear to vary according to the environment in which the dust evolves. Previous observational indications of these variations in the FIR and submm spectral range are scarce and limited to specific regions of the sky. To…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 D. Paradis , J. -Ph. Bernard , C. Meny

We model substructure in the protoplanetary disks around DoAr 44 and HD 163296 in order to better understand the conditions under which planets may form. We match archival millimeter-wavelength thermal emission against models of the disks'…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Harrison Leiendecker , Hannah Jang-Condell , Neal J. Turner , Adam D. Myers

Clouds more massive than about $10^5$ M$_\odot$ are potential sites of massive cluster formation. Studying the properties of such clouds in the early stages of their evolution offers an opportunity to test various cluster formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-10 Vineet Rawat , M. R. Samal , D. L. Walker , A. Zavagno , A. Tej , G. Marton , D. K. Ojha , Davide Elia , W. P. Chen , J. Jose , C Eswaraiah

Excess levels of 15N isotopes which have been detected in primitive solar system materials are explained as a remnant of interstellar chemistry which took place in regions of the protosolar nebula. Chemical models of nitrogen fractionation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Luca Bizzocchi , Paola Caselli , Luca Dore

Multi-wavelength observations in the sub-mm regime provide information on the distribution of both the dust column density and the effective dust temperature in molecular clouds. In this study, we created high-resolution and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-28 Birgit Hasenberger , Marco Lombardi , João Alves , Jan Forbrich , Alvaro Hacar , Charles J. Lada

We present the most sensitive 3 mm-survey to date of protoplanetary disks carried in the Taurus-Auriga star forming region (average rms of about 0.3 mJy), using the IRAM PdBI. With our high detection rate of 17/19, we provide the first…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 L. Ricci , L. Testi , A. Natta , R. Neri , S. Cabrit , G. J. Herczeg