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The complexity of cyberattacks in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) calls for a mechanism that can evaluate the operational behaviour and security without negatively affecting the operation of live systems. In this regard, Digital Twins (DTs)…
Traditional techniques for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) security design either treat the cyber and physical systems independently, or do not address the specific vulnerabilities of real time embedded controllers and networks used to monitor…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are interconnected architectures that employ analog, digital, and communication resources for their interaction with the physical environment. CPS are the backbone of enterprise, industrial, and critical…
While procedures prevail on the European market for the greater good of its citizens, it might be daunting when trying to introduce a product, whether innovative or not. In the current world, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are ubiquitous in…
The increasing integration of AI agents into cyber-physical systems (CPS) introduces new security risks that extend beyond traditional cyber or physical threat models. Recent advances in generative AI enable deepfake and semantic…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) incorporate the complex and large-scale engineered systems behind critical infrastructure operations, such as water distribution networks, energy delivery systems, healthcare services, manufacturing systems, and…
The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are composed of various embedded subsystems and require specialized software, firmware, and hardware to coordinate with the rest of the system. These multiple levels of integration expose attack surfaces which…
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) embed software into the physical world. They appear in a wide range of applications such as smart grids, robotics, intelligent manufacture and medical monitoring. CPSs have proved resistant to modeling due to…
The reach and scale of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are expanding to many aspects of our everyday lives. Health, safety, transportation and education are a few areas where CPS are increasingly prevalent. There is a pressing need to secure…
In times of Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems (CPS) providing security is one of the biggest challenges. A cyber attack launched at a CPS poses a huge threat, since a security incident may affect both the cyber and the physical world.…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are being increasingly utilized for critical applications. CPS combines sensing and computing elements, often having multi-layer designs with networking, computational, and physical interfaces, which provide…
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are systems where a decision making (cyber/control) component is tightly integrated with a physical system (with sensing/actuation) to enable real-time monitoring and control. Recently, there has been…
Currently, most of the research in digital twins focuses on simulation and optimization. Digital twins are especially useful for critical systems. However, digital twins can also be used for safety and cyber security. The idea of this paper…
In the last decades, Cyber-physical Systems (CPSs) have experienced a significant technological evolution and increased connectivity, at the cost of greater exposure to cyber-attacks. Since many CPS are used in safety-critical systems, such…
Formal guarantees for cyber-physical systems (CPS) rely on diverse assumptions. If satisfied, these assumptions enable the transfer of abstract guarantees into real-world assurances about the deployed CPS. Although assumptions are central…
Security of Distributed Parameter Cyber-Physical Systems (DPCPSs) is of critical importance in the face of cyber-attack threats. Although security aspects of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) modelled by Ordinary differential Equations (ODEs)…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) allow us to manipulate objects in the physical world by providing a communication bridge between computation and actuation elements. In the current scheme of things, this sought-after control is marred by…
This paper introduces a formal definition of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) in the spirit of the CPS Framework proposed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). It shows that using this definition, various problems…
Traditional Cyber-physical Systems(CPSs) were not built with cybersecurity in mind. They operated on separate Operational Technology (OT) networks. As these systems now become more integrated with Information Technology (IT) networks based…