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The Sky Polarization Observatory (SPOrt) is presented as a project aimed to measure the diffuse sky polarized emission, from the International Space Station, in the frequency range 20-90 GHz with 7 degrees of HPBW. The SPOrt experimental…

Future telescopes will characterize rocky exoplanets in reflected light, revealing their albedo, which depends on surface, cloud, and atmospheric properties. Identifying these features is crucial for assessing habitability. We present…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-09 Giulia Roccetti , Claudia Emde , Michael F. Sterzik , Mihail Manev , Julia V. Seidel , Stefano Bagnulo

We present a multiple scattering vector radiative transfer model which produces disk integrated, full phase polarized light curves for reflected light from an exoplanetary atmosphere. We validate our model against results from published…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Pushkar Kopparla , Vijay Natraj , Xi Zhang , Mark R. Swain , Sloane J. Wiktorowicz , Yuk L. Yung

Planets reflect and linearly polarize the radiation that they receive from their host stars. The emergent polarization is sensitive to aspects of the planet atmosphere such as the gas composition and the occurrence of condensates and their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 Antonio García Muñoz

The Sky Polarization Observatory is an experiment selected by ESA for the Early Opportunity Phase onboard the International Space Station. SPOrt is the first payload specifically designed for polarization measurements, it will provide near…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Michele Orsini , Ettore Carretti , Stefano Cortiglioni

The polarization state of starlight reflected by a planetary atmosphere uniquely reveals coverage, particle size, and composition of aerosols as well as changing cloud patterns. It is not possible to obtain a comparable level of detailed…

Numerical simulations of Earth's weather and climate require substantial amounts of computation. This has led to a growing interest in replacing subroutines that explicitly compute physical processes with approximate machine learning (ML)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Salva Rühling Cachay , Venkatesh Ramesh , Jason N. S. Cole , Howard Barker , David Rolnick

Linearly polarized emission is described, in general, in terms of the Stokes parameters $Q$ and $U$, from which the polarization intensity and polarization angle can be determined. Although the polarization intensity and polarization angle…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 C. A. Herron , B. M. Gaensler , G. F. Lewis , N. M. McClure-Griffiths

This paper considers the problem of modeling the light polarization that emerges from an astrophysical plasma composed of atoms whose excitation state is significantly influenced by the anisotropy of the incident radiation field. In…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-03 Javier Trujillo Bueno

Scattering measurements with incident linearly polarized $\gamma$ rays provide information on spins, parities, and $\gamma$-ray multipolarity mixing coefficients, and, therefore, on the nuclear matrix elements involved in the transitions.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2021-06-18 Christian Iliadis , Udo Friman-Gayer

We investigate the polarization patterns from the moonlit sky as observed from the European Southern Observatory at Cerro Paranal. The moonlit sky background can be significant in astronomical observations and thus be a source of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 B. Pereira , S. Gonzalez-Gaitan , A. M. Mourao , J. Rino-Silvestre , A. Paulino-Afonso , J. P. Anderson , A. Cikota , A. Morales-Garoffolo

Context. Magnetic fields are important to the dynamics of many astrophysical processes and can typically be studied through polarization observations. Polarimetric interferometry capabilities of modern (sub)millimeter telescope facilities…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-08 Boy Lankhaar , Wouter Vlemmings

Several strong solar resonance lines show observable linear scattering polarization signals, holding a great potential for investigating the magnetism of the outer solar atmosphere. Accurately modeling these signals requires solving the…

Polarized emission from aligned dust is a crucial tool for studies of magnetism in the ISM and a troublesome contaminant for studies of CMB polarization. In each case, an understanding of the significance of the polarization signal requires…

Current observational data of exoplanets are providing increasing detail of their 3D atmospheric structures. As characterisation efforts expand in scope, the need to develop consistent 3D radiative-transfer methods becomes more pertinent as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-04 Elspeth K. H. Lee , Jake Taylor , Simon L. Grimm , Jean-Loup Baudino , Ryan Garland , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Kenneth Wood

Accreting supermassive black holes are sources of polarized radiation that propagates through highly curved spacetime before reaching the observer. In order to help interpret observations of such polarized emission, accurate and efficient…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-20 Thomas Bronzwaer , Ziri Younsi , Jordy Davelaar , Heino Falcke

In this article we propose a numerical algorithm to compute the intensity and polarization of a polychromatic electromagnetic radiation crossing a medium with graded refractive index and modeled by the Vector Radiative Refractive Transfer…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Olivier Pironneau

SPOrt (Sky Polarization Observatory) is a space experiment to be flown on the International Space Station during Early Utilization Phase aimed at measuring the microwave polarized emission with FWHM = 7deg, in the frequency range 22-90 GHz.…

We investigate the effects of multiple anisotropic light scattering by interstellar dust particles on photometric profiles of disk galaxy models computed using an iterative ray-tracing radiative transfer modeling code. It is shown that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Semionov , V. Vansevicius

Polarization of radiation is a powerful tool to study cosmic magnetism and analysis of polarization can be used as a diagnostic tool for large-scale structures. In this paper, we present a solid theoretical foundation for using polarized…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Jennifer Y. H. Chan , Kinwah Wu , Alvina Y. L. On , David J. Barnes , Jason D. McEwen , Thomas D. Kitching