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Principal component analysis has been widely adopted to reduce the dimension of data while preserving the information. The quantum version of PCA (qPCA) can be used to analyze an unknown low-rank density matrix by rapidly revealing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Zhaokai Li , Zihua Chai , Yuhang Guo , Wentao Ji , Mengqi Wang , Fazhan Shi , Ya Wang , Seth Lloyd , Jiangfeng Du

In this brief note, we formulate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) over datasets consisting not of points but of distributions, characterized by their location and covariance. Just like the usual PCA on points can be equivalently derived…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-26 Vlad Niculae

Due to the rapid growth of smart agents such as weakly connected computational nodes and sensors, developing decentralized algorithms that can perform computations on local agents becomes a major research direction. This paper considers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Haishan Ye , Tong Zhang

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a ubiquitous tool with many applications in machine learning including feature construction, subspace embedding, and outlier detection. In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing the top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-10-25 Nikos Karampatziakis , Paul Mineiro

Often the relation between the variables constituting a multivariate data space might be characterized by one or more of the terms: ``nonlinear'', ``branched'', ``disconnected'', ``bended'', ``curved'', ``heterogeneous'', or, more general,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-12 Jochen Einbeck , Ludger Evers , Coryn Bailer-Jones

Principal components computed via PCA (principal component analysis) are traditionally used to reduce dimensionality in genomic data or to correct for population stratification. In this paper, we explore the penalized eigenvalue problem…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-04 Rebecca M. Hurwitz , Georg Hahn

In many applications that require matrix solutions of minimal rank, the underlying cost function is non-convex leading to an intractable, NP-hard optimization problem. Consequently, the convex nuclear norm is frequently used as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 David Wipf

In many applications that require matrix solutions of minimal rank, the underlying cost function is non-convex leading to an intractable, NP-hard optimization problem. Consequently, the convex nuclear norm is frequently used as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-11 David Wipf

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular method for dimension reduction and has attracted an unfailing interest for decades. More recently, kernel PCA (KPCA) has emerged as an extension of PCA but, despite its use in practice, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , John Shawe-Taylor

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful and popular dimensionality reduction technique. However, due to its linear nature, it often fails to capture the complex underlying structure of real-world data. While Kernel PCA (kPCA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Thomas Uriot , Elise Chung

In this paper we analyze different ways of performing principal component analysis throughout three different approaches: robust covariance and correlation matrix estimation, projection pursuit approach and non-parametric maximum entropy…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-04 María Camila Vásquez-Correa , Henry Laniado Rodas

We study the convergence properties of the VR-PCA algorithm introduced by \cite{shamir2015stochastic} for fast computation of leading singular vectors. We prove several new results, including a formal analysis of a block version of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-03 Ohad Shamir

This article focuses on the robust principal component analysis (PCA) of high-dimensional data with elliptical distributions. We investigate the PCA of the sample spatial-sign covariance matrix in both nonsparse and sparse contexts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Ping Zhao , Hongfei Wang , Long Feng

High dimensional data and systems with many degrees of freedom are often characterized by covariance matrices. In this paper, we consider the problem of simultaneously estimating the dimension of the principal (dominant) subspace of these…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Shashanka Ubaru , Abd-Krim Seghouane , Yousef Saad

Principal component analysis is an important dimension reduction technique in machine learning. In [S. Lloyd, M. Mohseni and P. Rebentrost, Nature Physics 10, 631-633, (2014)], a quantum algorithm to implement principal component analysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-09 Changpeng Shao

Sparse PCA is the optimization problem obtained from PCA by adding a sparsity constraint on the principal components. Sparse PCA is NP-hard and hard to approximate even in the single-component case. In this paper we settle the computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Alberto Del Pia

Classical Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approximates data in terms of projections on a small number of orthogonal vectors. There are simple procedures to efficiently compute various functions of the data from the PCA approximation. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-26 Guihong Wan , Crystal Maung , Haim Schweitzer

In the course of the last century, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) have become one of the pillars of modern scientific methods. Although PCA is normally addressed as a statistical tool aiming at finding orthogonal directions on which the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Yariv Aizenbud , Barak Sober

The robust principal component analysis (RPCA) decomposes a data matrix into a low-rank part and a sparse part. There are mainly two types of algorithms for RPCA. The first type of algorithm applies regularization terms on the singular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Ningyu Sha , Lei Shi , Ming Yan

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a workhorse of modern data science. While PCA assumes the data conforms to Euclidean geometry, for specific data types, such as hierarchical and cyclic data structures, other spaces are more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-11 Puoya Tabaghi , Michael Khanzadeh , Yusu Wang , Sivash Mirarab