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Given a sequence $(X_n)$ of real or complex random variables and a sequence of numbers $(a_n)$, an interesting problem is to determine the conditions under which the series $\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n X_n$ is almost surely convergent. This paper…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Safari Mukeru

Let $(\Omega,\mu)$ be a $\sigma$-finite measure space, and let $X\subset L^1(\Omega)+L^\infty(\Omega)$ be a fully symmetric space of measurable functions on $(\Omega,\mu)$. If $\mu(\Omega)=\infty$, necessary and sufficient conditions are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Vladimir Chilin , Semyon Litvinov

Let $a_n$ be the random increasing sequence of natural numbers which takes each value independently with decreasing probability of order $n^{-\alpha}$, $0 < \alpha < 1/2$. We prove that, almost surely, for every measure-preserving system…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-08-18 Ben Krause , Pavel Zorin-Kranich

Every measurable function f on the circle can be represented as a sum of harmonics with positive spectrum, converging in measure. For convergence almost everywhere this is not true. We discuss several other subsets of Z for which one might…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gady Kozma , Alexander Olevskii

Inspired by Menshov's representation theorem, we prove that there exists a sequence of frequecies such that any measurable (complex valued) function on R can be represented as a sum of almost everywhere convergent trigonometric series with…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gady Kozma , Alexander Olevskii

The universal approximation theorem is generalised to uniform convergence on the (noncompact) input space $\mathbb{R}^n$. All continuous functions that vanish at infinity can be uniformly approximated by neural networks with one hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Teun D. H. van Nuland

A classical theorem of Menshov states that every measurable function can redefined on a set of arbitrarily small Lebesgue measure, so that the resulting function has uniformly convergent Fourier series. We prove that the same is true if we…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Themis Mitsis

For a separable finite diffuse measure space $\mathcal{M}$ and an orthonormal basis $\{\varphi_n\}$ of $L^2(\mathcal{M})$ consisting of bounded functions $\varphi_n\in L^\infty(\mathcal{M})$, we find a measurable subset…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Zhirayr Avetisyan , Martin Grigoryan , Michael Ruzhansky

We obtain a uniform ergodic theorem for the sequence $\frac1{s(n)} \sum_{k=0}^n(\varDelta s)(n-k)\,T^k$, where $\varDelta$ is the inverse of the endomorphism on the vector space of scalar sequences which maps each sequence into the sequence…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Laura Burlando

In this paper we prove the complete characterization of a.s. convergence of orthogonal series in terms of existence of a majorizing measure. It means that for a given $(a_n)^{\infty}_{n=1}$, $a_n>0$, series $\sum^{\infty}_{n=1}a_n\varphi_n$…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-20 Witold Bednorz

Given any $\varepsilon>0$, we construct an orthonormal system of $n_k$ uniformly bounded polynomials of degree at most $k$ on the unit sphere in $\mathbb R^{m+1}$ where $n_k$ is bigger than $1-\varepsilon$ times the dimension of the space…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-09-22 Jordi Marzo , Joaquim Ortega-Cerdà

We consider ergodic series of the form $\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n f(T^n x)$ where $f$ is an integrable function with zero mean value with respect to a $T$-invariant measure $\mu$. Under certain conditions on the dynamical system $T$, the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-10-14 Aihua Fan

S. Banach \cite{Banach} proved that good differential properties of function do not guarantee the a.e. convergence of the Fourier series of this function with respect to general orthonormal systems (ONS). On the other hand it is very well…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-02-04 V. Tsagareishvili , G. Tutberidze

It is well-known that a strict analogue of the Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem in infinite ergodic theory is trivial; it states that for any infinite-measure-preserving ergodic system the Birkhoff average of every integrable function is almost…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Marco Lenci , Sara Munday

In this paper we discuss the notion of universality for classes of candidate common Lyapunov functions of linear switched systems. On the one hand, we prove that a family of absolutely homogeneous functions is universal as soon as it…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Paolo Mason , Yacine Chitour , Mario Sigalotti

A review of the state of the art of the comparison between any two different modes of convergence of sequences of measurable functions is carried out with focus on the algebraic structure of the families under analysis. As a complement of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-10 L. Bernal-González , M. C. Calderón-Moreno , P. J. Gerlach-Mena , J. A. Prado-Bassas

We derive upper bounds on the difference between the orthogonal projections of a smooth function $u$ onto two finite element spaces that are nearby, in the sense that the support of every shape function belonging to one but not both of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-08-19 Evan S. Gawlik , Adrian J. Lew

For weighted $L^1$ space on the unit sphere of $\RR^{d+1}$, in which the weight functions are invariant under finite reflection groups, a maximal function is introduced and used to prove the almost everywhere convergence of orthogonal…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yuan Xu

We define a notion of entropy for an infinite family $\mathcal{C}$ of measurable sets in a probability space. We show that the mean ergodic theorem holds uniformly for $\mathcal{C}$ under every ergodic transformation if and only if…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-03-12 Terrence M. Adams , Andrew B. Nobel

Suppose that for some unit vectors $b_1,\ldots b_n$ in $\mathbb C^d$ we have that for any $j\neq k$ $b_j$ is either orthogonal to $b_k$ or $|\langle b_j,b_k\rangle|^2 = 1/d$ (i.e. $b_j$ and $b_k$ are unbiased). We prove that if $n=d(d+1)$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Máté Matolcsi , Mihály Weiner
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