Related papers: A Non-Linear Roth Theorem for Sets of Positive Den…

We consider sets of positive integers containing no sum of two elements in the set and also no product of two elements. We show that the upper density of such a set is strictly smaller than 1/2 and that this is best possible. Further, we…

Let $X$ be an algebraic variety, defined over the rationals. This paper gives upper bounds for the number of rational points on $X$, with height at most $B$, for the case in which $X$ is a curve or a surface. In the latter case one excludes…

We adapt the construction of subsets of {1, 2, ..., N} that contain no k-term arithmetic progressions to give a relatively thick subset of an arbitrary set of N integers. Particular examples include a thick subset of {1, 4, 9, ..., N^2}…

The minimum positive co-degree of a nonempty $r$-graph $H$, denoted by $\delta_{r-1}^+(H)$, is the largest integer $k$ such that for every $(r-1)$-set $S \subset V(H)$, if $S$ is contained in a hyperedge of $H$, then $S$ is contained in at…

If A is a set of nonnegative integers containing 0, then there is a unique nonempty set B of nonnegative integers such that every positive integer can be written in the form a+b, where a\in A and b\in B, in an even number of ways. We…

Suppose that $X=\{X_t, t\ge 0; \mathbb{P}_{\mu}\}$ is a supercritical superprocess in a locally compact separable metric space $E$. Let $\phi_0$ be a positive eigenfunction corresponding to the first eigenvalue $\lambda_0$ of the generator…

We prove a statement concerning hyperlinearity for central extensions of property (T) groups in the presence of flexible HS-stability, and more generally, weak ucp-stability. Notably, this result is applied to show that if $\text{Sp}_{2g}…

In this paper we study nonlinear interpolation problems for interpolation and peak-interpolation sets of function algebras. The subject goes back to the classical Rudin-Carleson interpolation theorem. In particular, we prove the following…

We give an elementary, Fourier-free proof of Roth's theorem. The proof follows Roth's original density-increment strategy, but replaces the usual Fourier-analytic step with a direct combinatorial argument involving averages over…

Given a linear recurrence sequence (LRS) over the integers, the Positivity Problem} asks whether all terms of the sequence are positive. We show that, for simple LRS (those whose characteristic polynomial has no repeated roots) of order 9…

Let \psi(x) be a polynomial with rational coefficients. Suppose that \psi has the positive leading coefficient and zero constant term. Let A be a set of positive integers with the positive upper density. Then there exist x,y\in A and a…

The independence density of a finite hypergraph is the probability that a subset of vertices, chosen uniformly at random contains no hyperedges. Independence densities can be generalized to countable hypergraphs using limits. We show that,…

Given a sample from some unknown continuous density $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$, we construct adaptive confidence bands that are honest for all densities in a "generic" subset of the union of $t$-H\"older balls, $0<t\le r$, where $r$ is a…

An element $g$ of a group $G$ is a test element if every endomorphism of $G$ that fixes $g$ is an automorphism. Let $G$ be a free group of finite rank, an orientable surface group of genus $n \geq 2$, or a non-orientable surface group of…

Given a level set $E$ of an arbitrary multiplicative function $f$, we establish, by building on the fundamental work of Frantzikinakis and Host [13,14], a structure theorem which gives a decomposition of $\mathbb{1}_E$ into an almost…

In spite of the Lebesgue density theorem, there is a positive $\delta$ such that, for every non-trivial measurable set $S$ of real numbers, there is a point at which both the lower densities of $S$ and of the complement of $S$ are at least…

We construct a consistent example of a topological space $Y=X \cup \{\infty\}$ such that: 1) $Y$ is regular. 2) Every $G_\delta$ subset of $Y$ is open. 3) The point $\infty$ is not isolated, but it is not in the closure of any discrete…

An important question in extremal graph theory raised by Vera T. S\'os asks to determine for a given integer $t\ge 3$ and a given positive real number $\delta$ the asymptotically supremal edge density $f_t(\delta)$ that an $n$-vertex graph…

The Bernstein approximation problem is to determine whether or not the space of all polynomials is dense in a given weighted $C_0$-space on the real line. A theorem of L. de Branges characterizes non--density by existence of an entire…

This paper assumes a robust, in general not dominated, probabilistic framework and provides necessary and sufficient conditions for a bipolar representation of subsets of the set of all quasi-sure equivalence classes of non-negative random…