Related papers: Spatial and temporal structure of EAS reflected Ch…
The lateral density distributions (LDD) of inclined cosmic ray air shower are asymmetric and the corresponding iso-density contours are of increasing eccentric ellipses with zenith angles of different showers. The polar asymmetry of the…
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole is a multi-component detector capable of measuring the cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition from PeV to EeV, the energy region typically thought to cover the transition from galactic…
From the data on Cherenkov light from EASs collected over the period of more than 15 years, the spectrum of cosmic rays was obtained in the energy range 1.0E15-1.0E18 eV. This spectrum has two features: at ~3.0E15 eV (first knee) and at…
Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect very high energetic (VHE) gamma rays. They observe the Cherenkov light emitted in electromagnetic shower cascades that gamma rays induce in the atmosphere. A precise reconstruction of the…
The ESO-Spitzer extragalactic Imaging Survey (ESIS) is the optical follow up of the Spitzer Wide-Area InfraRed Extragalactic (SWIRE) survey in the ELAIS-S1 area. This paper presents B, V, R Wide Field Imager observations of the first 1.5…
In this work, the effects of the extensive air showers (EAS) were described by estimating the lateral distribution function (LDF) at very high energies of various cosmic ray particles. LDF was simulated for charged particles such as the…
The current studies of cosmic rays are focused on most energetic particles entering the atmosphere and producing a single Extensive Air Shower (EAS). There are, however, models predicting that interactions of high energy particles may…
Any considerations on propagation of particles through the Universe must involve particle interactions: processes leading to production of particle cascades. While one expects existence of such cascades, the state of the art cosmic-ray…
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon II (EUSO-SPB2) measured extensive air showers (EASs) from upward-going High Energy Cosmic Rays by flying a Cherenkov Telescope (CT) at 33 km altitude. The telescope could be…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a ground-based $\gamma$-ray observatory that will observe the full sky in the energy range from 20 GeV to 100 TeV from facilities in both hemispheres. It is proposed to consist of more than 100…
This paper discusses the construction of high-performance ground-based gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes with a Davies-Cotton reflector. For the design of such telescopes, usually physics constrains the field-of-view, while the photo-sensor…
The JEM-EUSO observatory on board of the International Space Station (ISS) is a proposed pioneering space mission devoted to the investigation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). Looking downward at the earth's atmosphere with a…
We report on the first observations of the Askaryan effect in ice: coherent impulsive radio Cherenkov radiation from the charge asymmetry in an electromagnetic (EM) shower. Such radiation has been observed in silica sand and rock salt, but…
During the 1960s, a small but vibrant community of cosmic ray physicists, pioneered novel optical methods of detecting extensive air showers (EAS) in the Earth's atmosphere with the prime objective of searching for point sources of…
The atmospheric attenuation of Cherenkov photons is dominated by two processes: Rayleigh scattering from the molecular component and Mie scattering from the aerosol component. Aerosols are expected to contribute up to 30 Wm$^{-2}$ to the…
Measurements of optical properties in media enclosing Cherenkov neutrino telescopes are important not only at the moment of the selection of an adequate site, but also for the continuous characterization of the medium as a function of time.…
We describe the design and performance of the Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment detector in its initial configuration (STACEE-32). STACEE is a new ground-based gamma ray detector using the atmospheric Cherenkov technique.…
The H.E.S.S. experiment in Namibia is a high-energy gamma-ray telescope sensitive in the energy range from 30 GeV to a several tens of TeV, that uses the atmospheric Cherenkov technique to detect showers developed within the atmosphere. The…
Bolometers have proven to be good instruments to search for rare processes because of their excellent energy resolution and their extremely low intrinsic background. In this kind of detectors, the capability of discriminating alpha…
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory studies cosmic-ray initiated extensive air showers (EASs) using the IceTop surface array, which is sensitive to the electromagnetic component and low-energy ($\sim$ GeV) muonic component of EASs. The…