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The kernel smoothing with large bandwidth values causes oversmoothing or underfitting in general. However, when irrelevant variables are included, the corresponding large bandwidth values are known to have an effect of shrinking them. This…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Taku Moriyama

Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a popular statistical technique for estimating the underlying density distribution with minimal assumptions. Although they can be shown to achieve asymptotic estimation optimality for any input…

Computation · Statistics 2011-02-15 Dongryeol Lee , Alexander G. Gray , Andrew W. Moore

Density estimation is a fundamental task in statistics and machine learning applications. Kernel density estimation is a powerful tool for non-parametric density estimation in low dimensions; however, its performance is poor in higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Joseph A. Gallego , Fabio A. González

We show that the cumulative distribution function corresponding to a kernel density estimator with optimal bandwidth lies outside any confidence interval, around the empirical distribution function, with probability tending to 1 as the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Nils Lid Hjort , Stephen G. Walker

We estimate the derivative of a probability density function defined on $[0,\infty)$. For this purpose, we choose the class of kernel estimators with asymmetric gamma kernel functions. The use of gamma kernels is fruitful due to the fact…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-10 L. A. Markovich

The standard definition of pedestrian density produces scattered values, hence, many approaches have been developed to improve the features of the estimated density. This paper provides a review of generally applied methods and presents a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-18 Jana Vacková , Marek Bukáček

This paper studies Kernel Density Estimation for a high-dimensional distribution $\rho(x)$. Traditional approaches have focused on the limit of large number of data points $n$ and fixed dimension $d$. We analyze instead the regime where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Giulio Biroli , Marc Mézard

Given additional distributional information in the form of moment restrictions, kernel density and distribution function estimators with implied generalised empirical likelihood probabilities as weights achieve a reduction in variance due…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-08 Vitaliy Oryshchenko , Richard J. Smith

We study the density estimation problem with observations generated by certain dynamical systems that admit a unique underlying invariant Lebesgue density. Observations drawn from dynamical systems are not independent and moreover, usual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-14 Hanyuan Hang , Ingo Steinwart , Yunlong Feng , Johan A. K. Suykens

We introduce a nonparametric way to estimate the global probability density function for a random persistence diagram. Precisely, a kernel density function centered at a given persistence diagram and a given bandwidth is constructed. Our…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Joshua Lee Mike , Vasileios Maroulas

There is an intense and partly recent literature focussing on the problem of selecting the bandwidth parameter for kernel density estimators. Available methods are largely `very nonparametric', in the sense of not requiring any knowledge…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-17 Nils Lid Hjort

Kernel means are frequently used to represent probability distributions in machine learning problems. In particular, the well known kernel density estimator and the kernel mean embedding both have the form of a kernel mean. Unfortunately,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-03 E. Cruz Cortés , C. Scott

The traditional kernel density estimator of an unknown density is by construction completely nonparametric, in the sense that it has no preferences and will work reasonably well for all shapes. The present paper develops a class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-05 Nils Lid Hjort , Ingrid Kristine Glad

Length-biased data are a particular case of weighted data, which arise in many situations: biomedicine, quality control or epidemiology among others. In this paper we study the theoretical properties of kernel density estimation in the…

This paper presents a Bayesian sampling approach to bandwidth estimation for the local linear estimator of the regression function in a nonparametric regression model. In the Bayesian sampling approach, the error density is approximated by…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-10 Han Lin Shang , Xibin Zhang

This study proposes multivariate kernel density estimation by stagewise minimization algorithm based on $U$-divergence and a simple dictionary. The dictionary consists of an appropriate scalar bandwidth matrix and a part of the original…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-11 Kiheiji Nishida , Kanta Naito

Averaging provides an alternative to bandwidth selection for density kernel estimation. We propose a procedure to combine linearly several kernel estimators of a density obtained from different, possibly data-driven, bandwidths. The method…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-05 O. Chernova , F. Lavancier , P. Rochet

An important feature of kernel mean embeddings (KME) is that the rate of convergence of the empirical KME to the true distribution KME can be bounded independently of the dimension of the space, properties of the distribution and smoothness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Geoffrey Wolfer , Pierre Alquier

This paper deals with the kernel density estimator based on the so-called sinc (or Fourier integral) kernel $K(x)=(\pi x)^{-1}\sin x$. We study in detail both asymptotic and finite sample properties of this estimator. It is shown that,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Ingrid Kristine Glad , Nils Lid Hjort , Nikolai G. Ushakov

We estimate on a compact interval densities with isolated irregularities, such as discontinuities or discontinuities in some derivatives. From independent and identically distributed observations we construct a kernel estimator with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Céline Duval , Émeline Schmisser